Department of General Psychology, Judgment, Decision Making, Action, Faculty of Psychology, University of Hagen (FernUniversität in Hagen), Hagen, Germany.
Department of Psychology, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2023 Nov;76(11):2461-2478. doi: 10.1177/17470218231157548. Epub 2023 Mar 7.
In contrast to traditional dualistic views of cognition, visual stimulus processing appears not independent of bodily factors such as hand positioning. For example, reduced crosstalk between two temporally overlapping tasks has been observed when the hands are moved into the attentional window alongside their respective stimuli (i.e., establishing global stimulus-hand proximity). This result indicates that hand-specific attentional processing enhancements support a more serial rather than parallel processing of the two tasks. To further elucidate the nature of these processing modulations and their effect on multitasking performance, the present study consisted of three interrelated crosstalk experiments. Experiment 1 manipulated global stimulus-hand proximity and stimulus-effect proximity orthogonally, with results demonstrating that hand proximity rather than effect proximity drives the crosstalk reduction. Experiment 2 manipulated the physical distance between both hands (i.e., varying local stimulus-hand proximity), with results showing weak evidence of increased crosstalk when both hands are close to each other. Experiment 3 tested opposing influences of global and local stimulus-hand proximity as observed in Experiment 1 and 2 rigorously within one experiment, by employing an orthogonal manipulation of these two proximity measures. Again, we observed slightly increased crosstalk for hands close to each other (replicating Experiment 2); however, in contrast to Experiment 1, the effect of global stimulus-hand proximity on the observed crosstalk was not significant this time. Taken together, the experiments support the notion of hand-specific modulations of perception-action coupling, which can either lead to more or less interference in multitasking, depending on the exact arrangement of hands and stimuli.
与传统的认知二元论观点相反，视觉刺激处理似乎并不独立于身体因素，例如手的位置。例如，当手与各自的刺激一起移动到注意力窗口中（即建立全局刺激-手接近度）时，两个时间上重叠的任务之间的串扰会减少。这一结果表明，对手特有的注意力处理增强支持两个任务更串行而不是并行的处理。为了进一步阐明这些处理调制的性质及其对多任务性能的影响，本研究由三个相互关联的串扰实验组成。实验 1 正交地操纵全局刺激-手接近度和刺激-效应接近度，结果表明手接近度而不是效应接近度驱动串扰减少。实验 2 操纵双手之间的物理距离（即，变化局部刺激-手接近度），结果显示当双手彼此靠近时，串扰略有增加。实验 3 在一个实验中严格测试了实验 1 和 2 中观察到的全局和局部刺激-手接近度的相反影响，通过对这两个接近度度量的正交操纵来实现。再次，我们观察到彼此靠近的手的串扰略有增加（复制实验 2）；然而，与实验 1 相反，全局刺激-手接近度对观察到的串扰的影响这次并不显著。总的来说，这些实验支持了感知-动作耦合的手特异性调制的观点，这取决于手和刺激的确切排列方式，可能会导致多任务处理的更多或更少干扰。
