Frayon Stéphane, Cavaloc Yolande, Wattelez Guillaume, Cherrier Sophie, Touitou Amandine, Zongo Paul, Yacef Kalina, Caillaud Corinne, Lerrant Yannick, Galy Olivier
Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Research in Education, EA 7483, School of Education and Teacher training, University of New Caledonia, Nouméa, New Caledonia.
Laboratory ACTES, EA 3596, UFR STAPS Antilles, Pointe à Pitre, French West Indies.
Ethn Health. 2020 Feb;25(2):289-304. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2017.1398818. Epub 2017 Nov 2.
The prevalence of adolescent obesity is high among the various ethnic groups native to the Pacific region (European, Melanesian and Polynesian). An important factor of weight gain or loss is body size satisfaction; however, little is known about adolescent body self-perception in the Pacific region. Body dissatisfaction was evaluated using the Stunkard Figure Rating Scale in a sample of 699 adolescents from rural and urban areas of New Caledonia. The socio-demographic factors associated with higher body dissatisfaction were determined by multiple linear regression modeling. Our results showed a high rate of body dissatisfaction (over 70%) in the adolescents. Body dissatisfaction was strongly related to the body mass index -score. Melanesians boys had higher body dissatisfaction scores when they felt 'too thin' while Melanesian girls showed lower body dissatisfaction when they felt 'too fat.'. These results showed that social pressure for thinness or musculature may be different among adolescents living in New Caledonia. These results should be taken into account in education overweight prevention programs.
在太平洋地区的各个原住民群体（欧洲裔、美拉尼西亚裔和波利尼西亚裔）中，青少年肥胖现象普遍。体重增减的一个重要因素是对身材的满意度；然而，对于太平洋地区青少年的身体自我认知却知之甚少。在新喀里多尼亚农村和城市地区的699名青少年样本中，使用斯唐卡德体型评定量表对身体不满情况进行了评估。通过多元线性回归模型确定了与较高身体不满相关的社会人口学因素。我们的结果显示，青少年中身体不满率很高（超过70%）。身体不满与体重指数得分密切相关。美拉尼西亚族男孩在感觉“太瘦”时身体不满得分较高，而美拉尼西亚族女孩在感觉“太胖”时身体不满得分较低。这些结果表明，生活在新喀里多尼亚的青少年中，追求瘦或肌肉发达的社会压力可能有所不同。在预防超重的教育项目中应考虑到这些结果。
