Aristizabal Escobar Andrés Sebastian, de Souza Alexandre Navarro Alves, de Campos Fonseca Pinto Ana Carolina Brandão, Matera Julia Maria
Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (FMVZ/USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Acta Vet Scand. 2017 Nov 2;59(1):77. doi: 10.1186/s13028-017-0344-6.
Canine breed conformation may interfere with locomotion and may predispose to orthopedic disease. Bulldogs have a high incidence of orthopedic diseases such as hip dysplasia. Kinetic gait analysis provides an objective way to assess and analyze locomotion. The aim of this study was to study the vertical forces of English Bulldogs during walk using a pressure sensitive walkway. We hypothesize that Bulldogs affected by orthopedic diseases have decreased weight bearing and asymmetric locomotion in the limbs despite having mild to no sings during clinical examination. Thirty English Bulldogs were tested. Peak vertical force, vertical impulse, rate of loading, stance phase duration, symmetry index, goniometry and incidence of orthopedic diseases were recorded.
Although none of the dogs showed signs of pain or discomfort upon manipulation of the hip joints, all dogs had radiographic evidences of hip dysplasia and lack of significant peak vertical force, vertical impulse and stance time differences. The dogs had a mean hind limb symmetry index of 19.8 ± 19.5% and rates of loading ranged from 1.0 to 3.1.
Despite the lack of evident decrease in weight bearing, subclinical lameness can be inferred. The examined dogs had a mean hind limb symmetry index of 19.8 ± 19.5%. Symmetry indices reported in dogs free from orthopedic diseases range from 0.3 to 9.6%. Given non-lame dogs are expected to have a symmetry index close to 0%, data from this study suggests that Bulldogs have gait dysfunctions, which translates into hind limb asymmetries and rate of loading was consistent with severe hip dysplasia despite no visible signs of gait dysfunction. Future studies comparing lame and non-lame Bulldogs are warranted.
犬种形态可能会干扰运动，并可能易患骨科疾病。斗牛犬患髋关节发育不良等骨科疾病的发生率很高。动态步态分析提供了一种客观评估和分析运动的方法。本研究的目的是使用压力感应步道研究英国斗牛犬行走时的垂直力。我们假设，尽管在临床检查中表现为轻度或无异常体征，但受骨科疾病影响的斗牛犬肢体负重会减少且运动不对称。对30只英国斗牛犬进行了测试。记录了垂直力峰值、垂直冲量、加载速率、站立期持续时间、对称指数、角度测量以及骨科疾病的发生率。
尽管在髋关节触诊时没有一只狗表现出疼痛或不适的迹象，但所有狗都有髋关节发育不良的影像学证据，且垂直力峰值、垂直冲量和站立时间均无显著差异。这些狗的后肢平均对称指数为19.8±19.5%，加载速率范围为1.0至3.1。
尽管负重没有明显下降，但可推断存在亚临床跛行。所检查的狗后肢平均对称指数为19.8±19.5%。无骨科疾病的狗的对称指数报告范围为0.3%至9.6%。鉴于预计无跛行的狗对称指数接近0%，本研究数据表明斗牛犬存在步态功能障碍，这表现为后肢不对称，且加载速率与严重髋关节发育不良一致，尽管没有明显的步态功能障碍迹象。未来有必要对跛行和非跛行斗牛犬进行比较研究。
