Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia; Columbia University, New York.
Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton, VIC, Australia.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2017 Nov;56(11):983-991.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2017.09.415. Epub 2017 Sep 19.
The parent-adolescent relationship is an important predictor of adolescent mental health, especially depressive disorders. This relationship is constructed in the context of maturing emotion neurobiology and could help shape such neurobiology in ways that are important for current and future mental health. Amygdala resting-state functional networks have been linked to depression, but whether such resting connectivity is associated with parent affective behaviors or acts as a salient mediator between parenting and risk for depressive disorder is unknown.
In the present study of 128 individuals, a 7-year longitudinal design was used to examine how observed maternal aggressive behavior during mother-adolescent interactions in early adolescence (12 years) predicted amygdala (whole and subregion)-based resting connectivity in mid adolescence (16 years). In 101 of those participants, whether altered amygdala resting-state connectivity mediated the association between maternal aggressive behavior and the first onset of major depressive disorder (MDD) in late adolescence (19 years) was analyzed.
Maternal aggression was related to resting-state functional connectivity between the amygdala and right superior temporal-posterior insula-Heschl gyri, bilateral visual cortex, and left temporal and insula cortices (the latter being driven by the centromedial amygdala subregion; p < .001). Further, amygdala and centromedial amygdala connectivity with the temporal and insula cortices mediated the association between maternal aggression and late adolescent-onset MDD (CI 0.20 to 2.87; CI 0.13 to 2.40, respectively).
These findings are consistent with previous literature documenting the importance of amygdala resting networks for adolescent depression but further suggest the importance of parental affective (particularly aggressive) behavior in the development of such functional connectivity patterns during this period of peak onset for mental health disorders.
亲子关系是青少年心理健康的重要预测因素，尤其是抑郁障碍。这种关系是在成熟的情绪神经生物学背景下构建的，它可以帮助塑造对当前和未来心理健康很重要的神经生物学。杏仁核静息态功能网络与抑郁有关，但这种静息连接是否与父母的情感行为有关，或者是否作为父母教养与抑郁障碍风险之间的重要中介因素尚不清楚。
在本研究中，对 128 名个体进行了 7 年的纵向设计，以研究青少年早期（12 岁）观察到的母亲在与青少年互动期间的攻击行为如何预测青少年中期（16 岁）杏仁核（整体和亚区）基于静息的连接。在其中 101 名参与者中，分析了改变的杏仁核静息状态连接是否在青少年晚期（19 岁）中介了母亲攻击性行为与首发重度抑郁症（MDD）之间的关联。
母亲的攻击行为与杏仁核和右侧颞上后岛盖回-海氏回、双侧视觉皮层以及左侧颞叶和岛叶皮层之间的静息状态功能连接有关（后者由杏仁核中央区亚区驱动；p<0.001）。此外，杏仁核和中央杏仁核与颞叶和岛叶的连接介导了母亲攻击性与青少年晚期发作 MDD 之间的关联（CI 0.20 至 2.87；CI 0.13 至 2.40）。
这些发现与先前的文献一致，该文献记录了杏仁核静息网络对青少年抑郁的重要性，但进一步表明，在心理健康障碍发病高峰期间，父母情感（特别是攻击性）行为在发展这种功能连接模式方面的重要性。
