Tskimanauri N, Khachapuridze N, Chanadiri T, Bakhtadze S
Tbilisi State Medical University; Neurological Clinic LTD "Valeo", Tbilisi, Georgia.
Georgian Med News. 2017 Oct(271):38-44.
The purpose of this work was to identify and evaluate the epidemiological features, like the point prevalence of the perinatal risk factors and related to them pathological conditions revealing at the neonatal period. The descriptive population based prospective pilot study of children population of age 0-2 years was con-ducted in the City Tbilisi (in clinical centers "Medcapital", "family center N3" and "Valeo"), also in medical centers of districts of Mtsketa and Dusheti in period January 2015- January 2017. Summary was surveyed 1018 newborns during two years. According to research objectives newborns were di-vided into the three groups: I - 715 (70.2%) low risk group newborns with normal development, not influenced by risk factors, II - 215 (21.1%) risk group newborns with normal development, influenced by risk factors and III - 88 (8.7%) high risk group newborns with some neonatal pathology. Epidemiological evaluations, such as point prevalence and risk ratio (RR) for each risk factor and neonatal outcome, were conducted. At the neonatal period the point prevalence of perinatal risk factors in whole population (1018 newborns) were: mother age (<17 >35) - 175 (17.2%) cases, pathologies of pregnancy - 164 (16.1%) and pathologies of delivery -128 (12.6%) cases. RRs of neonatal outcomes associated with these factors were rated as 15.4/5.7/3.8. A total of 88 (8.6%) newborns were placed in III High risk group. In this population the most frequent pathologies were: preterm birth in 74 cases (7.26%), hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in 29 (2.84%) cases, low Apgar scores (<7 at 5 minutes) in 26 (2.6%) cases, neonatal sepsis in 16 (1.6%) cases, CNS malformation in 7 (0.7%) cases, intracranial hemorrhage in 6 (0.6%) cases. 13 newborns (1.28%) from III group were treated at department of emergency therapy. Newborns from II group, despite the impact of perinatal risk factors on them, were born healthy and evaluated as normal. Results of investigation show, that the point preva-lence of maternal age, pregnancy and delivery pathologies as well as neonatal outcomes are determined as risks of pathological conditions and outcomes of newborns.
