外泌体在卵巢癌中的综合概述：新兴的生物标志物和治疗策略。

The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Changchun, 130041, People's Republic of China.

J Ovarian Res. 2017 Nov 3;10(1):73. doi: 10.1186/s13048-017-0368-6.

Exosomes are nanoparticles(40-100 nm) secreted by most cells in the body, which can be isolated from several types of extracellular fluids. It has been shown that exosomes play a key role in intercellular communication and in transportation of genetic information. Emerging evidence shows that exosomes are mediators of metastasis in tumour cells, stromal cells and the extracellular matrix component through the shuttling of cargo, such as proteins, lipids, RNAs, double-stranded DNAs, non-transcribed RNAs, and microRNAs. This phenomenon has been indicated in both tumourigenesis and drug resistance. In this review, we introduce new methods of exosome extraction, focusing on the emerging role of exosomes in ovarian cancer, and discuss their potential clinical applications.

外泌体是体内大多数细胞分泌的纳米颗粒（40-100nm），可从几种类型的细胞外液中分离出来。已经证明外泌体在细胞间通讯和遗传信息运输中发挥着关键作用。新出现的证据表明，外泌体通过货物（如蛋白质、脂质、RNA、双链 DNA、非转录 RNA 和 microRNAs）的转运，在肿瘤细胞、基质细胞和细胞外基质成分中充当转移的介质。这种现象在肿瘤发生和耐药性中都有体现。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了外泌体提取的新方法，重点介绍了外泌体在卵巢癌中的新作用，并讨论了它们在临床上的潜在应用。