Tebbi C K, Bromberg C, Piedmonte M
Adolescent Unit, Roswell Park Memorial Institute Buffalo, New York 14263.
Cancer. 1989 Jan 1;63(1):213-8. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19890101)63:1<213::aid-cncr2820630134>3.0.co;2-t.
Long-term vocational achievements of 40 survivors of cancer diagnosed during adolescence were examined and compared with 40 healthy sex-matched and age-matched controls. Patients' ages at diagnosis ranged from 13 to 19 years (mean, 16.15). Study subjects had survived cancer for over 5 years and were on no cancer therapy. Assessment measures included the Rand General Well-Being Scale, the Rand Functional Limitations and Physical Abilities Batteries, and a semistructured interview. The relation of physical disability and limitations caused by cancer to patients' achievements also was evaluated. Although cancer patients, on the average, were more concerned about their health and reported lower general spirits than controls, no differences were found between control and study groups with regard to overall general well-being. More cancer patients than controls reported that their health limited their ability to engage in vigorous activities. A greater functional deficit was found among unemployed than employed cancer patients. Employers and co-workers often were aware of the patient's diagnosis (85% and 67%, respectively). Cancer patients reported disease-related discrimination in hiring (7.4%), induction into the military (66.7%), and obtaining health, life, and disability insurance (31.5%). There was no significant relationship between health status and employment. Nevertheless, cancer patients had a higher average income than controls. Sixty-four percent of patients believed that changes in certain physical features of the workplace were necessary to facilitate readjustment to the job. Despite the disabilities experienced by cancer patients and generally negative public attitudes, long-term survivors have a good outlook on life and are competitive members of the workplace and society.
对40名在青春期被诊断为癌症的幸存者的长期职业成就进行了调查，并与40名性别匹配、年龄匹配的健康对照者进行了比较。患者确诊时的年龄在13岁至19岁之间（平均16.15岁）。研究对象已从癌症中存活超过5年，且未接受癌症治疗。评估指标包括兰德总体幸福感量表、兰德功能受限和身体能力量表，以及一次半结构化访谈。还评估了癌症导致的身体残疾和受限与患者成就之间的关系。尽管癌症患者平均而言比对照组更担心自己的健康，且报告总体精神状态较低，但在总体幸福感方面，对照组和研究组之间未发现差异。报告称健康限制了其参与剧烈活动能力的癌症患者比对照组更多。失业的癌症患者比就业的癌症患者存在更大的功能缺陷。雇主和同事通常知晓患者的诊断情况（分别为85%和67%）。癌症患者报告在招聘（7.4%）、入伍（66.7%）以及获得健康、人寿和残疾保险（31.5%）方面存在与疾病相关的歧视。健康状况与就业之间没有显著关系。然而，癌症患者的平均收入高于对照组。64%的患者认为工作场所某些身体特征的改变对于促进重新适应工作是必要的。尽管癌症患者经历了残疾且公众态度普遍消极，但长期幸存者对生活仍有良好的展望，并且是职场和社会中有竞争力的成员。
