Nowak C
Institut für Genetik, Freie Universität Berlin, Federal Republic of Germany.
Environ Mol Mutagen. 1989;13(1):44-9. doi: 10.1002/em.2850130105.
A deviation from physiological osmolality (300 mOsm/kg H2O) can lead to genotoxic effects. A 30-min treatment of V79 hamster cells with hypotonic sodium chloride of 60 mOsm/kg H2O or with diluted culture medium of the same osmolality induces extraordinarily high frequencies of chromosomal aberrations. In this study, multiple fixation times over a 24-hr period were used to identify cells in various stages of the cell cycle at the time of treatment and to find out whether or not hypotonic conditions are able to induce aberrations in all cell cycle stages. Because of the aberration pattern observed, it is suggested that hypotonic treatment acts as an S-independent agent, like X-rays or restriction endonucleases. Whether the aberrations originate from directly induced DNA damage or from a release of DNase after lysosomal breakdown is discussed.
生理渗透压（300 毫渗摩尔/千克 H₂O）的偏差会导致基因毒性效应。用 60 毫渗摩尔/千克 H₂O 的低渗氯化钠或相同渗透压的稀释培养基对 V79 仓鼠细胞进行 30 分钟处理，会诱导出极高频率的染色体畸变。在本研究中，在 24 小时内采用多个固定时间来确定处理时处于细胞周期各个阶段的细胞，并探究低渗条件是否能够在细胞周期的所有阶段诱导畸变。基于所观察到的畸变模式，有人提出低渗处理就像 X 射线或限制性内切酶一样，作为一种不依赖 S 期的因素起作用。文中还讨论了这些畸变是源于直接诱导的 DNA 损伤还是溶酶体破裂后 DNase 的释放。
