Cross-Villasana Fernando, Gröpel Peter, Ehrlenspiel Felix, Beckmann Jürgen
Chair of Sport Psychology, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany; Departent of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.
Chair of Sport Psychology, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany; Department of Applied Psychology: Work, Education, and Economy, University of Vienna, Austria.
Biol Psychol. 2018 Feb;132:37-44. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.10.009. Epub 2017 Oct 28.
Dynamic visuospatial tasks, requiring continuous engagement of attention over long time periods, have been little studied with the electroencephalogram. Specifically, the role of the theta band in these tasks is unclear, with task-related theta enhancements improving performance in some studies, and hindering it in others. In this study, 30 participants performed the Pong videogame as a dynamic visuospatial task to analyze the influence of theta and alpha amplitude as well as alpha asymmetry on performance. The theta band increased significantly at central-parietal regions and correlated negatively with performance, especially at anterior regions. The alpha band showed a significant decrease, greater at right over left parietal regions, but neither the amplitude nor the asymmetry ratio correlated with performance. With theta being an indicator of top-down cognitive control, it may be concluded that proficient performance in dynamic visuospatial tasks depends on a bottom-up guidance of attention with little top-down intervention.
动态视觉空间任务需要长时间持续投入注意力，而针对此类任务利用脑电图进行的研究很少。具体而言，θ频段在这些任务中的作用尚不清楚，在一些研究中与任务相关的θ增强会提高表现，而在另一些研究中则会阻碍表现。在本研究中，30名参与者进行了《乒乓》电子游戏这一动态视觉空间任务，以分析θ和α振幅以及α不对称性对表现的影响。θ频段在中央顶叶区域显著增加，且与表现呈负相关，尤其是在前部区域。α频段显著降低，右侧顶叶区域比左侧降低得更多，但振幅和不对称比率均与表现无关。鉴于θ是自上而下认知控制的指标，可以得出结论，在动态视觉空间任务中的熟练表现依赖于自下而上的注意力引导，而自上而下的干预很少。
