Department of Desalination and Water Treatment, The Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 84990, Israel.
Technische Universität München, Forschungs-Neutronenquelle Heinz Maier-Leibnitz (FRM II), D-85748 Garching, Germany.
Water Res. 2018 Jan 1;128:217-225. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.055. Epub 2017 Oct 27.
Desalinated domestic wastewater is an indispensable water resource in arid regions; however, its recovery can be limited by calcium phosphate scaling and fouling of the membrane. Here we investigated calcium phosphate mineralization on oligoamide surfaces that mimics reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membrane surfaces. We used a solution that simulates desalination of secondary treated domestic wastewater effluents for calcium phosphate mineralization experiments with oligoamide-coated gold surfaces. Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry showed that calcium phosphate and carbonate precipitated on RO mimetic surfaces. The rate of precipitation on oligoamide sensors was monitored by a quartz crystal microbalance, showing that scaling was more intense on the RO than the NF mimetic surface and that excessive carboxyl functional groups on both surfaces promoted scaling. Filtration experiments of similar solutions with commercial membranes showed that scaling was more intense on the RO membranes than on the NF membranes, which supported the results obtained with the oligoamide model surfaces. The results of this study can be implemented in developing RO and NF membranes to prevent calcium phosphate scaling and consequently lower water-treatment costs of domestic wastewater treatment.
淡化的生活污水是干旱地区不可缺少的水资源；然而，其回收可能会受到磷酸钙结垢和膜污染的限制。在这里，我们研究了模拟反渗透（RO）和纳滤（NF）膜表面的寡酰胺表面上的磷酸钙矿化作用。我们使用一种模拟二级处理生活污水出水淡化的溶液，在涂有寡酰胺的金表面上进行磷酸钙矿化实验。衰减全反射-傅里叶变换红外光谱和能量色散光谱表明，在 RO 模拟表面上沉淀了磷酸钙和碳酸盐。石英晶体微天平监测到寡酰胺传感器上的沉淀速率，结果表明 RO 表面的结垢比 NF 模拟表面更严重，并且两个表面上过多的羧基官能团都促进了结垢。用商业膜对类似溶液进行的过滤实验表明，RO 膜上的结垢比 NF 膜上更严重，这与寡酰胺模型表面的结果一致。本研究的结果可用于开发 RO 和 NF 膜，以防止磷酸钙结垢，从而降低生活污水处理的水疗费用。
