Department of Health Sciences, Brock University, Niagara Region, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada; School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Prev Med. 2018 Jan;106:164-170. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.10.035. Epub 2017 Nov 9.
The purpose of the current study was to simultaneously examine commonly proposed risk and protective factors for sleep deprivation over time among a large cohort of Ontario and Alberta secondary school students. Using 4-year linked longitudinal data from youth in years 1 through 4 (Y[2012/2013], Y[2013/2014], Y[2014/2015], Y[2015/2016]) of the COMPASS study (n=26,205), the likelihood of students meeting contemporary sleep recommendations was tested based on their self-reported substance use, bullying victimization, physical activity, and homework and screen time. Models controlled for the effect of student-reported gender, race/ethnicity, grade, school clustering, and all other predictor variables. Relative to baseline, students became less likely to meet the sleep recommendations if at follow-up they had initiated binge drinking, experienced cyber bullying victimization, or were spending more time doing homework, with other factors held constant. The likelihood of reporting sufficient sleep increased if students had begun engaging in resistance training at least three times a week. No longitudinal effect was observed when students increased their caffeine consumption (energy drinks, coffee/tea), initiated cannabis or tobacco use, experienced other forms of bullying victimization (physical, verbal, or belongings), engaged in more moderate-vigorous physical activity, or increased their screen use of any type. Few of the commonly purported modifiable risk and protective factors for youth sleep deprivation held in multinomial longitudinal analyses. Causal conclusions appear premature, with further research required to confirm the targets likely to be most effective in assisting more youth in meeting the sleep recommendations.
本研究旨在通过安大略省和艾伯塔省的一项大型中学生队列研究，同时考察长期以来被普遍认为与睡眠不足有关的风险和保护因素。利用 COMPASS 研究中（n=26205）学生在第 1 年到第 4 年（Y[2012/2013]、Y[2013/2014]、Y[2014/2015]、Y[2015/2016]）的 4 年纵向链接数据，根据学生自我报告的物质使用、欺凌受害、体育活动以及家庭作业和屏幕时间，检验学生符合当代睡眠建议的可能性。模型控制了学生报告的性别、种族/民族、年级、学校聚类以及所有其他预测变量的影响。与基线相比，如果学生在随访期间开始暴饮、遭受网络欺凌或花更多时间做作业，而其他因素保持不变，则他们不太可能符合睡眠建议。如果学生每周至少进行三次阻力训练，则报告充足睡眠的可能性会增加。当学生增加咖啡因摄入量（能量饮料、咖啡/茶）、开始使用大麻或烟草、经历其他形式的欺凌受害（身体、言语或财物）、进行更多的中高强度体育活动或增加任何类型的屏幕使用时，没有观察到纵向影响。在多项纵向分析中，很少有被普遍认为是青少年睡眠不足的可改变风险和保护因素成立。因果结论似乎为时过早，需要进一步研究来确认哪些目标最有可能有效地帮助更多的年轻人符合睡眠建议。
