Frontier Laboratory of System Crop Design, Beijing 102206, China.
State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences and School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Nov 21;114(47):12614-12619. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1715570114. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
Male sterility is an essential trait in hybrid seed production for monoclinous crops, including rice and wheat. However, compared with the high percentage of hybrid rice planted in the world, little commercial hybrid wheat is planted globally as a result of the lack of a suitable system for male sterility. Therefore, understanding the molecular nature of male fertility in wheat is critical for commercially viable hybrid wheat. Here, we report the cloning and characterization of () in bread wheat by using a combination of advanced genomic approaches. is a newly evolved gene in the Poaceae that is specifically expressed in microsporocytes, and is essential for microgametogenesis. Orthologs of are expressed in diploid and allotetraploid ancestral species. Orthologs of are epigenetically silenced in the A and D subgenomes of allohexaploid wheat; only from the B subgenome is expressed. The encoded protein, Ms1, is localized to plastid and mitochondrial membranes, where it exhibits phospholipid-binding activity. These findings provide a foundation for the development of commercially viable hybrid wheat.
雄性不育是包括水稻和小麦在内的单子叶作物杂交种生产的重要特征。然而，与世界上种植的高比例杂交水稻相比，由于缺乏合适的雄性不育体系，全球种植的商业杂交小麦很少。因此，了解小麦雄性育性的分子本质对于商业上可行的杂交小麦至关重要。在这里，我们通过使用先进的基因组学方法的组合，报道了小麦中 ()的克隆和特性。 是禾本科植物中新进化的基因，在小孢子母细胞中特异性表达，对小配子体发生是必需的。 的直系同源物在二倍体和同源四倍体祖先物种中表达。 在异源六倍体小麦的 A 和 D 亚基因组中被表观遗传沉默；仅来自 B 亚基因组的 表达。编码的蛋白质 Ms1 定位于质体和线粒体膜，在那里它表现出磷脂结合活性。这些发现为开发商业上可行的杂交小麦奠定了基础。
