University of Community Health, Magway, Myanmar.
Department of Public Health, Vector-borne Disease Control Program, nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar.
Infect Dis Poverty. 2017 Nov 6;6(1):142. doi: 10.1186/s40249-017-0355-6.
Malaria is a major public health problem in Myanmar. Migrant populations are at high risk of contracting malaria and its control is more difficult than for settled population. Studies on malaria and migration are rare in Myanmar. This study was undertaken with the main objective of identifying socioeconomic and behavioural determinants of malaria among the migrant workers involved in gold mining, rubber and oil palm plantations.
A cross-sectional analytic study was conducted using pretested interview-administered questionnaires among internal migrants (n = 406) in the malaria endemic townships of Shwegyin, Bago Region, Thanbyuzayat, Mon State and Kawthaung, Taninthayi Region from August to November, 2015. Data were collected by well-trained Basic Health Staff members in study areas, and then analysed by SPSS version 16.0 using Chi-square tests with significant level at 0.05.
Majority of participants were male, Bahmar nationals, married and with primary basic education level and below. The mean duration of migratory work was 4.51 years. 43.1% of them gave definite previous history of malaria within last two years during migration. 92.9% (377/406) of them always used bed nets. Malaria determinants found were male gender (OR = 1.84, 95% CI: 1.22-2.77; P = 0.0040), habit of going out at dawn (OR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.58-3.52; P < 0.001), usual sleeping indoors (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.04-4.42; P = 0.036), torn bed net or net with large hole(s) (OR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.21-3.3; P = 0.006), habit of not always sleeping under a bed net at night (OR = 2.02, 95% CI: 1.15-3.52; P = 0.014), alcohol drinking (OR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.73-4.26; P < 0.001) and failure to attend malaria health talk (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.2-2.65; P = 0.004).
The present study highlighted that it is warranted to launch an effective health education programme for malaria, and to encourage the proper use of insecticide-treated bed nets, blankets and/or mufflers and mosquito repellents to reduce the occurrence of malaria among the migrants.
疟疾是缅甸的一个主要公共卫生问题。移民人口感染疟疾的风险较高，其控制难度大于定居人口。缅甸的疟疾和移民研究很少。本研究的主要目的是确定参与金矿开采、橡胶和油棕种植的移民工人中疟疾的社会经济和行为决定因素。
2015 年 8 月至 11 月，在疟疾流行的实皆省 Shwegyin 镇、勃固地区、孟邦 Thanbyuzayat 镇和德林达依省 Kawthaung 镇，对参与移民工作的内部移民（n=406）进行了横断面分析研究。研究区的基础卫生工作人员使用经过预测试的访谈式问卷进行数据收集，然后使用 SPSS 版本 16.0 进行分析，采用卡方检验，显著水平为 0.05。
大多数参与者为男性、巴玛人、已婚、接受过小学基本教育。移民工作的平均持续时间为 4.51 年。其中 43.1%的人在过去两年的移民期间有明确的疟疾既往史。其中 92.9%（377/406）的人总是使用蚊帐。发现的疟疾决定因素包括男性（OR=1.84，95%CI：1.22-2.77；P=0.0040）、黎明外出习惯（OR=2.36，95%CI：1.58-3.52；P<0.001）、经常在室内睡觉（OR=2.14，95%CI：1.04-4.42；P=0.036）、蚊帐有破损或有大洞（OR=2.0，95%CI：1.21-3.3；P=0.006）、夜间经常不在蚊帐下睡觉（OR=2.02，95%CI：1.15-3.52；P=0.014）、饮酒（OR=2.71，95%CI：1.73-4.26；P<0.001）和未参加疟疾健康讲座（OR=1.78，95%CI：1.2-2.65；P=0.004）。
本研究强调，有必要为疟疾开展有效的健康教育计划，并鼓励移民适当使用经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐、毯子和/或围巾和驱蚊剂，以减少移民中疟疾的发生。
