Kim Sungroul, Yu Sol, Yun Dongmin
Department of Environment Health Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Korea.
(Currently) Division of Environmental Health Research, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Nov 6;14(11):1350. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14111350.
We evaluated the spatiotemporal distributions of black carbon (BC) and particulate matters with aerodynamic diameters of less than 2.5 m (PM) concentrations at urban diesel engine emission (DEE) hotspots of South Korea. Concentrations of BC and PM were measured at the entrance gate of two diesel bus terminals and a train station, in 2014. Measurements were conducted simultaneously at the hotspot (Site 1) and at its adjacent, randomly selected, residential areas, apartment complex near major roadways, located with the same direction of 300 m (Site 2) and 500 m (Site 3) away from Site 1 on 4 different days over the season, thrice per day; morning ( = 120 measurements for each day and site), evening ( = 120), and noon ( = 120). The median (interquartile range) PM ranged from 12.6 (11.3-14.3) to 60.1 (47.0-76.0) μg/m³ while those of BC concentrations ranged from 2.6 (1.9-3.7) to 6.3 (4.2-10.3) μg/m³. We observed a strong relationship of PM concentrations between sites (slopes 0.89-0.9, the coefficient of determination 0.89-0.96) while the relationship for BC concentrations between sites was relatively weak (slopes 0.76-0.85, the coefficient of determination 0.54-0.72). PM concentrations were changed from 4% to 140% by unit increase of BC concentration, depending on site and time while likely supporting the necessity of monitoring of BC as well as PM, especially at urban DEE related hotspot areas.
我们评估了韩国城市柴油发动机排放（DEE）热点地区黑碳（BC）和空气动力学直径小于2.5微米的颗粒物（PM）浓度的时空分布。2014年，在两个柴油公交终点站和一个火车站的入口处测量了BC和PM的浓度。测量在热点地区（站点1）及其相邻的、随机选择的居民区、主要道路附近的公寓楼同时进行，这些区域位于与站点1相同方向300米（站点2）和500米（站点3）处，在整个季节的4个不同日子里每天测量三次；早晨（每个站点和每天120次测量）、晚上（120次）和中午（120次）。PM的中位数（四分位间距）范围为12.6（11.3 - 14.3）至60.1（47.0 - 76.0）微克/立方米，而BC浓度的中位数范围为2.6（1.9 - 3.7）至6.3（4.2 - 10.3）微克/立方米。我们观察到各站点之间PM浓度存在很强的相关性（斜率为0.89 - 0.9，决定系数为0.89 - 0.96），而各站点之间BC浓度的相关性相对较弱（斜率为0.76 - 0.85，决定系数为0.54 - 0.72）。根据站点和时间的不同，BC浓度每增加一个单位，PM浓度变化4%至140%，这可能支持了监测BC以及PM的必要性，特别是在与城市DEE相关的热点地区。
