Centre for Population Health Research, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, City East Campus, North Tce, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
Discipline of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
Nutrients. 2017 Nov 6;9(11):1218. doi: 10.3390/nu9111218.
Increased prevalence of overweight and obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and other cardio metabolic risks has become a public health concern in China, a country undergoing nutrition transition. We investigated the dietary pattern during 1991-2011 and its association with these risks in a longitudinal study among adults; Adults in The China Health and Nutrition Survey were included. Three-day food consumption was collected by 24 h recall method. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose and lipids was collected in 2009. Dietary pattern was generated using principal components analysis. The associations between dietary pattern and cardio metabolic risk were assessed with generalized linear regression adjusted for age, sex, and social economic status (SES). "Traditional" pattern loaded with rice, meat, and vegetables, and "Modern" pattern had high loadings of fast food, milk, and deep-fried food. "Traditional" pattern was inversely associated with cardio metabolic risks, with linear slopes ranging from -0.15 (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.18, -0.12) for hypertension to -0.67 (95% CI: -0.73, -0.60) for impaired glucose control. "Modern" pattern was associated positively with those factors, with slopes ranging 0.10 (95% CI: 0.04, 0.17) for high cholesterol to 0.42 (95% CI: 0.35, 0.49) for impaired glucose control. Dietary patterns were associated with cardio metabolic risk in Chinese adults.
在中国，营养转型过程中，超重和肥胖、糖尿病、高血压和其他心血管代谢风险的患病率不断上升，已成为公共卫生关注的问题。我们在一项成年人的纵向研究中调查了 1991-2011 年期间的饮食模式及其与这些风险的关系；中国健康与营养调查纳入了成年人。通过 24 小时回忆法收集三天的食物摄入量。在 2009 年收集了人体测量指标、血压、空腹血糖和血脂。使用主成分分析生成饮食模式。用广义线性回归调整年龄、性别和社会经济地位（SES）评估饮食模式与心血管代谢风险之间的关联。“传统”模式富含米饭、肉类和蔬菜，而“现代”模式则富含快餐、牛奶和油炸食品。“传统”模式与心血管代谢风险呈负相关，线性斜率范围从高血压的-0.15（95%置信区间（CI）：-0.18，-0.12）到糖耐量受损的-0.67（95%CI：-0.73，-0.60）。“现代”模式与这些因素呈正相关，斜率范围从高胆固醇的 0.10（95%CI：0.04，0.17）到糖耐量受损的 0.42（95%CI：0.35，0.49）。饮食模式与中国成年人的心血管代谢风险有关。
