Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, USA.
Am J Community Psychol. 2017 Dec;60(3-4):491-501. doi: 10.1002/ajcp.12177. Epub 2017 Nov 8.
In this concluding essay, we review the case studies presented in this Special Issue and examine whether community psychology has a distinctive approach to defining and resolving the core ethical canons of the Belmont Report (1979): Respect for Persons, Beneficence, and Justice. For two of these Principles-Respect for Persons and Beneficence-community psychologists elaborate upon and extend their definitions to consider their meaning in community-based, social justice-oriented research. The field's approach to Respect for Persons is multilevel in nature; in addition to respecting individuals and their diverse identities, we also have obligations to respect our community partnerships, the communities with whom we work, and the populations and cultures represented in our work. Similarly, for community psychologists, Beneficence is a multilevel construct that considers risks and benefits at the group, community, and cultural levels of analysis. With respect to Justice, community psychologists' views of our ethical responsibilities are qualitatively different in meaning from the original Belmont Report and from disciplinary-specific interpretations of this principle in ethical guidance documents from psychology, sociology, and evaluation. Our valuing of social change demands that we contribute to individual and group empowerment and liberation, and in so doing, that we avoid collusion with oppressive systems. Thus, we define our ethical responsibilities for promoting Justice as more action-oriented than do other disciplines. The essay closes with an exploration of future directions for developing a comprehensive ethical framework for community psychology.
在这篇结论性的文章中，我们回顾了本特刊中呈现的案例研究，并探讨了社区心理学是否对定义和解决《贝尔蒙报告》（1979 年）的核心伦理规范有独特的方法：尊重个人、善行和正义。对于这两个原则——尊重个人和善行——社区心理学家详细阐述并扩展了它们的定义，以考虑它们在基于社区、以社会正义为导向的研究中的含义。该领域对尊重个人的方法本质上是多层次的；除了尊重个人及其多样化的身份外，我们还有义务尊重我们的社区伙伴关系、我们与之合作的社区以及我们工作中所代表的人群和文化。同样，对于社区心理学家来说，善行是一个多层次的概念，它考虑了群体、社区和文化分析层面的风险和利益。关于正义，社区心理学家对我们的道德责任的看法在意义上与原始的《贝尔蒙报告》以及来自心理学、社会学和评估的道德指导文件中对这一原则的学科特定解释有很大的不同。我们对社会变革的重视要求我们为个人和群体的赋权和解放做出贡献，并且在这样做的过程中，我们要避免与压迫性制度勾结。因此，我们将促进正义的道德责任定义为比其他学科更具行动导向。本文以探讨为社区心理学制定全面伦理框架的未来方向结束。
