Division of Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Smart Ageing International Research Center, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Curr Neuropharmacol. 2018;16(4):460-474. doi: 10.2174/1570159X15666171109124839.
The mean diffusivity (MD) parameter obtained by diffusion tensor imaging provides a measure of how freely water molecules move in brain tissue. Greater tissue density conferred by closely arrayed cellular structures is assumed to lower MD by inhibiting the free diffusion of water molecules.
In this paper, we review studies showing MD variation among regions of the brain dopaminergic system (MDDS), especially subcortical structures such as the putamen, caudate nucleus, and globus pallidus, in different conditions with known associations to dopaminergic system function or dysfunction. The methodologies and background related to MD and MDDS are also discussed.
Past studies indicate that MDDS is sensitive to pathological derangement of dopaminergic activity, neural changes caused by cognitive and pharmacological interventions that are known to affect the dopaminergic system, and individual character traits related to dopaminergic function.
These results suggest that MDDS can be one useful tool to tap the neural differences related to the dopaminergic system.
扩散张量成像获得的平均扩散系数（MD）参数可衡量水分子在脑组织中移动的自由度。据推测，由于细胞结构紧密排列，组织密度增加会抑制水分子的自由扩散，从而降低 MD。
在本文中，我们回顾了一些研究，这些研究表明，在与多巴胺能系统功能或功能障碍相关的已知条件下，大脑多巴胺能系统（MDDS）各区域之间的 MD 存在差异，特别是纹状体等皮质下结构，如壳核、尾状核和苍白球。还讨论了与 MD 和 MDDS 相关的方法和背景。
过去的研究表明，MDDS 对多巴胺能活动的病理性紊乱、已知影响多巴胺能系统的认知和药物干预引起的神经变化以及与多巴胺能功能相关的个体特征敏感。
这些结果表明，MDDS 可以成为一种有用的工具，用于挖掘与多巴胺能系统相关的神经差异。
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