Nigg Claudio R, Ul Anwar Md Mahabub, Braun Kathryn, Mercado Jobel, Kainoa Fialkowski Marie, Ropeti Areta Aufa'l Apulu, Belyeu-Camacho Tayna, Bersamin Andrea, Guerrero Rachael Leon, Castro Rose, DeBaryshe Barbara, Vargo Agnes M, Braden Katherine W
J Environ Health. 2016 Oct;79(3):18-26.
Childhood obesity has increased rapidly over the last three decades in the U.S. Individual-level interventions targeting healthy eating and physical activity have not significantly impacted clinical measures of obesity in children. Focusing “upstream” on physical, social, cultural, political, and economic environments may be more effective. The purpose of this qualitative review is to analyze published environmental interventions that effectively prevented or reduced obesity in children ages 2–10 years by working within their family, school, and/or community environment to increase physical activity, reduce sedentary behaviors, or improve healthy diet. Through an electronic database search, 590 original articles were identified and 33 were read in full. Using Brennan and co-authors’ (2011) rating system, 18 were rated as effective intervention studies. This analysis showed that interventions targeting multiple environments (e.g., family, school, and community) show promise in reducing childhood obesity. Further research is needed to test interventions targeting multiple environments in different communities and populations.
在过去三十年里，美国儿童肥胖率迅速上升。针对健康饮食和体育活动的个体层面干预措施并未对儿童肥胖的临床指标产生显著影响。将重点放在身体、社会、文化、政治和经济环境等“上游”因素上可能会更有效。本定性综述的目的是分析已发表的环境干预措施，这些措施通过在家庭、学校和/或社区环境中开展工作，增加体育活动、减少久坐行为或改善健康饮食，有效地预防或减少了2至10岁儿童的肥胖问题。通过电子数据库搜索，共识别出590篇原创文章，其中33篇进行了全文阅读。使用布伦南及其合著者（2011年）的评分系统，18篇被评为有效干预研究。该分析表明，针对多种环境（如家庭、学校和社区）的干预措施在降低儿童肥胖率方面显示出前景。需要进一步开展研究，以测试针对不同社区和人群的多种环境的干预措施。
