Natale Ruby A, Messiah Sarah E, Asfour Lila, Uhlhorn Susan B, Delamater Alan, Arheart Kris L
*Division of Clinical Psychology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL; †Division of Pediatric Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL; ‡Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.
J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2014 Jul-Aug;35(6):378-87. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0000000000000074.
To assess the effectiveness of a child care center-based parent and teacher healthy lifestyle role-modeling program on child nutrition and physical activity outcomes.
Child care centers (N = 28) serving low-income families were randomized to intervention or control arms. Intervention centers (N = 12) implemented (1) menu modifications, (2) a child's healthy lifestyle curriculum, and (3) an adult (teacher- and parent-focused) healthy lifestyle role-modeling curriculum. Control centers (N = 16) received an attention control safety curriculum. Nutrition and physical activity data were collected at the beginning (T1) and at the end (T2) of the school year. Exploratory factor analysis identified positive and negative nutrition and physical activity practices by children, parents, and teachers.
Intervention parents' baseline (β = .52, p < .0001) and school year consumption (β = .47, p < .0001) of fruits/vegetables significantly increased their children's consumption of fruits/vegetables from T1 to T2. Intervention parents significantly influenced a decrease in children's junk food consumption (β = -.04, p < .05), whereas control parents significantly influenced an increase in their children's junk food consumption (β = .60, p < .001) from T1 to T2. Control children showed a significant increase in junk food consumption (β = .11, p = .01) and sedentary behavior (β = .09, p < .005) from T1 to T2. Teachers did not significantly influence preschool-age children's nutrition or physical activity patterns from T1 to T2.
Parent nutrition and physical activity patterns significantly influence their preschool-age children's consumption of fruits/vegetables, junk food, and level of sedentary behavior. Future obesity prevention intervention efforts targeting this age group should include parents as healthy lifestyle role models for their children.
评估一项以儿童保育中心为基础的家长和教师健康生活方式示范项目对儿童营养和身体活动结果的有效性。
为低收入家庭服务的儿童保育中心（N = 28）被随机分为干预组或对照组。干预中心（N = 12）实施了（1）菜单调整，（2）儿童健康生活方式课程，以及（3）成人（以教师和家长为重点）健康生活方式示范课程。对照中心（N = 16）接受了注意力控制安全课程。在学年开始时（T1）和结束时（T2）收集营养和身体活动数据。探索性因素分析确定了儿童、家长和教师积极和消极的营养及身体活动行为。
干预组家长在基线时（β = 0.52，p < 0.0001）和学年期间水果/蔬菜的摄入量（β = 0.47，p < 0.0001）显著增加了其子女从T1到T2期间水果/蔬菜的摄入量。干预组家长显著影响了儿童垃圾食品摄入量的减少（β = -0.04，p < 0.05），而对照组家长显著影响了其子女从T1到T2期间垃圾食品摄入量的增加（β = 0.60，p < 0.001）。对照组儿童从T1到T2期间垃圾食品摄入量（β = 0.11，p = 0.01）和久坐行为（β = 0.09，p < 0.005）显著增加。从T1到T2，教师对学龄前儿童的营养或身体活动模式没有显著影响。
家长的营养和身体活动模式显著影响其学龄前子女水果/蔬菜的摄入量、垃圾食品的摄入量和久坐行为水平。未来针对这一年龄组的肥胖预防干预措施应将家长作为其子女健康生活方式的榜样。
