Vascello Matteo G F, Marchetti Mauro, Scaltritti Michele, Altoè Gianmarco, Spada Maria S, Molinero Guido, Manfrinati Andrea
Clinical Psychology Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy.
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy.
Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2018 Aug 1;33(5):583-595. doi: 10.1093/arclin/acx099.
The aim of this study was to investigate explicit moral and socio-conventional knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) patients.
A group of 28 TBI patients was tested on a new set of moral and socio-conventional items. Responses of TBI patients were compared with those of 28 matched controls. Participants had to report how hard would be to perform specific moral or socio-conventional transgressions, using a 10-point Likert scale. We analyzed our data through mixed-effects models, to jointly assess by-participants and by-items variance. The factors considered were Type of Item (Moral vs. Socio-conventional) and Group (TBI vs. Controls).
Results revealed a significant interaction between Type of Item and Group (χ2[1] = 25.5, p < .001). Simple-effects analyses showed that TBI, as Controls, were able to differentiate moral and socio-conventional transgressions (χ2[1] = 72.3, p < .001), as they deemed the former as more difficult to enact. TBI patients, however, evaluated moral transgressions as easier to fulfill (χ2[1] = 12.2, p = .001).
TBI patients can clearly differentiate moral and socio-conventional transgressions, suggesting that the explicit knowledge of these two dimensions is spared. TBI patients, however, considered moral transgressions as easier to fulfill with respect to Controls. This finding may suggest a tendency in TBI patients to underestimate the weight of moral transgressions.
本研究旨在调查创伤性脑损伤（TBI）患者的显性道德和社会习俗知识。
一组28名TBI患者接受了一组新的道德和社会习俗项目测试。将TBI患者的反应与28名匹配的对照组患者的反应进行比较。参与者必须使用10点李克特量表报告实施特定道德或社会习俗违规行为的难易程度。我们通过混合效应模型分析数据，以共同评估参与者和项目的方差。考虑的因素有项目类型（道德与社会习俗）和组别（TBI与对照组）。
结果显示项目类型和组别之间存在显著交互作用（χ2[1]=25.5，p<.001）。简单效应分析表明，与对照组一样，TBI患者能够区分道德和社会习俗违规行为（χ2[1]=72.3，p<.001），因为他们认为前者更难实施。然而，TBI患者认为道德违规行为更容易实施（χ2[1]=12.2，p=.001）。
TBI患者能够清楚地区分道德和社会习俗违规行为，这表明这两个维度的显性知识未受影响。然而，与对照组相比，TBI患者认为道德违规行为更容易实施。这一发现可能表明TBI患者有低估道德违规行为严重性的倾向。
