Fabrication Technology Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technology Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria 21934, Egypt.
Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21544, Egypt.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2018 Feb;148:501-512. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.10.061. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
This work focused on the knowledge-based methodology for the development of an electrochemical system, enabling simultaneous optimization of various operating parameters such as current density (j), initial dye concentration (C), NaCl concentration (C) for the mineralization of Reactive Violet 2 (RV-2) and Acid Brown 14 (AB-14) dye on the efficiency of removal, energy consumption (EC), Chemical Oxygen Demands (COD), apparent rate constants (k) and Electrical Energy per Order (E) all of which have been examined. The relationship between k and E is also discussed. The degradation efficiency and k always rising at higher j and lower C and C while EC, E, and operating cost increased at higher j, C and C. On the other hand, The COD increased with decrease j, Co and higher C. Due to the strong formation of hydroxyl radicals from water discharge, the graphite electrode possesses a strong power of electro-generation rate and competitive wasting reactions of organic compounds. The results demonstrated that the relatively high dye removal, COD and low specific energy consumption are obtained simultaneously only if the various parameters are regulated to a plausible value j of 79Am, Co of 100mg/L and C of 1g/L within 60min of electrolysis. The color removal efficiency is much faster for RV-2 compared to AB-14 due to the contribution of azo bond in the dye molecule. Also, the EC and k are higher for RV-2 than AB-14 while is lower in terms of E and COD. A comprehensive reaction sequence of RV-2 and AB-14 mineralization involving all oxidation products was proposed. Formation and evolution of aromatic and aliphatic (short-chain carboxylic acids) intermediates during the treatment and a mineralization pathway is proposed. The estimated cost of operation for degradation at optimum conditions is calculated as 1.54 and 1.29 USD m/g dye for complete degradation RV-2 and AB-14, respectively.
本工作重点介绍了一种用于开发电化学系统的基于知识的方法，该系统能够同时优化各种操作参数，例如电流密度 (j)、初始染料浓度 (C)、NaCl 浓度 (C)，以实现 Reactive Violet 2 (RV-2) 和 Acid Brown 14 (AB-14) 染料的矿化效率、能量消耗 (EC)、化学需氧量 (COD)、表观速率常数 (k) 和每阶电耗 (E) 的同时优化。还讨论了 k 和 E 之间的关系。降解效率和 k 总是随着更高的 j 和更低的 C 和 C 而升高，而 EC、E 和操作成本则随着更高的 j、C 和 C 而升高。另一方面，COD 随着 j、C 和 C 的降低而增加。由于水放电会产生强羟基自由基，因此石墨电极具有较强的电生成速率和有机化合物竞争浪费反应的能力。结果表明，只有在将各种参数调节到合理值 j = 79Am、Co = 100mg/L 和 C = 1g/L 时，才能在 60 分钟的电解时间内同时获得相对较高的染料去除率、COD 和低比能消耗。由于染料分子中偶氮键的贡献，RV-2 的颜色去除效率比 AB-14 快得多。此外，EC 和 k 对于 RV-2 比 AB-14 更高，而 E 和 COD 则更低。提出了一个涉及所有氧化产物的 RV-2 和 AB-14 矿化的综合反应序列。提出了在处理过程中形成和演变的芳香族和脂肪族（短链羧酸）中间体以及矿化途径。在最佳条件下降解的估计操作成本计算为完全降解 RV-2 和 AB-14 的 1.54 和 1.29 美元 m/g 染料。
