Tam W H, Chan R Sm, Chan M Hm, Yuen L Y, Li L, Sea M Mm, Woo J
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
Hong Kong Med J. 2017 Dec;23(6):586-93. doi: 10.12809/hkmj176841. Epub 2017 Nov 10.
A survey conducted during 2005 to 2007 by the Centre for Food Safety in Hong Kong suggested that only 5% of the local population had a sufficient dietary intake of iodine. The study, however, was limited as biochemical data (ie urinary iodine concentration) were lacking. Pregnant women are vulnerable to iodine deficiency because of their increased requirement. Recent studies have shown that iodine deficiency in early pregnancy is associated with poorer cognitive development in early childhood. This study reports the iodine status of women during early gestation at an obstetric unit in Hong Kong.
Healthy pregnant women with no history of hyperemesis gravidarum were enrolled into a study when they first made a booking in an antenatal clinic of a public hospital to investigate their iodine status during early pregnancy. All subjects were asked to collect their morning urine for measurement of iodine and creatinine levels. Daily dietary intake of iodine was assessed in a subgroup of participants by structured interview using a standard food frequency questionnaire.
A total of 600 pregnant women were enrolled at a median of 7.0 weeks of gestation. The median urinary iodine concentration and urinary iodine-to-creatinine ratio were 100 μg/L and 98 μg/g, respectively; 429 (71.5%) participants had iodine insufficiency according to the World Health Organization classification. Daily dietary intake of iodine was assessed in 146 participants. The median daily intake of iodine was 69.5 μg and 122 (83.6%) participants had an intake below the 250 μg recommended during pregnancy by the World Health Organization.
Local pregnant women continue to have an inadequate dietary intake of iodine and remain iodine-deficient.
香港食品安全中心在2005年至2007年期间进行的一项调查显示，当地只有5%的人口碘摄入量充足。然而，该研究存在局限性，因为缺乏生化数据（即尿碘浓度）。孕妇由于需求增加，易患碘缺乏症。最近的研究表明，孕早期碘缺乏与幼儿期较差的认知发育有关。本研究报告了香港一家产科单位孕早期妇女的碘状况。
无妊娠剧吐病史的健康孕妇首次在公立医院产前诊所预约时被纳入一项研究，以调查她们孕早期的碘状况。所有受试者均被要求收集晨尿以测量碘和肌酐水平。通过使用标准食物频率问卷进行结构化访谈，对一部分参与者的每日碘膳食摄入量进行评估。
共纳入600名孕妇，中位孕周为7.0周。尿碘浓度中位数和尿碘与肌酐比值分别为100μg/L和98μg/g；根据世界卫生组织的分类，429名（71.5%）参与者存在碘不足。对146名参与者的每日碘膳食摄入量进行了评估。碘的每日摄入量中位数为69.5μg，122名（83.6%）参与者的摄入量低于世界卫生组织建议的孕期250μg。
当地孕妇的碘膳食摄入量仍然不足，仍处于碘缺乏状态。
