Bhattacharya Arpita, Vilardaga Roger, Kientz Julie A, Munson Sean A
Human Centered Design and Engineering, DUB Group, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, USA.
ACM Trans Comput Hum Interact. 2017;2017:3057-3070. doi: 10.1145/3025453.3025725.
Many health care providers, with a variety of trainings, counsel clients on quitting smoking on a day-to-day basis. In their clinical practice, they draw from and adapt guidelines and research-based strategies to fit individual client situations and challenges. Designers of technologies to support quitting smoking can learn from these real world practices to create tools that better adapt to individual differences. We present findings from interviews with 28 providers with diverse experiences in smoking cessation counselling. Through analysis of their individualization strategies, challenges, and perceptions of technology, we find that providers: (1) individualize context appropriate coping strategies by involving clients in brainstorming, (2) emphasize the need to support nicotine withdrawal in clients, (3) mitigate social triggers and mediate social support for clients, and (4) need to navigate dependencies with other providers for managing medications and comorbid health conditions of clients. With this empirical understanding, we extend the discussion on the design of technology to support quitting smoking, highlight current barriers to individualization, and suggest future opportunities to address these barriers.
许多接受过各种培训的医疗保健提供者每天都为客户提供戒烟咨询。在他们的临床实践中，他们借鉴并调整基于指南和研究的策略，以适应客户的个人情况和挑战。支持戒烟的技术设计者可以从这些实际做法中学习，以创建更能适应个体差异的工具。我们展示了对28位在戒烟咨询方面有不同经验的提供者进行访谈的结果。通过分析他们的个性化策略、挑战以及对技术的看法，我们发现提供者：(1) 通过让客户参与头脑风暴来制定适合具体情况的应对策略，(2) 强调支持客户戒烟的必要性，(3) 减轻社交诱因并为客户调解社会支持，以及(4) 需要与其他提供者协调，以管理客户的药物治疗和合并的健康状况。基于这一实证认识，我们扩展了关于支持戒烟技术设计的讨论，突出了当前个性化的障碍，并提出了未来解决这些障碍的机会。
