Department of Spanish and Portuguese, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Department of Computer Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Behav Res Methods. 2018 Aug;50(4):1568-1580. doi: 10.3758/s13428-017-0981-8.
Most of the new words a reader will find are morphologically complex. Also, theoretical models of language processing propose that morphology plays an important role in visual word processing. Nevertheless, studies on the subject show contradicting results that are difficult to reconcile. One factor that may explain this is the lack of a sizeable and reliable morphological database. As a consequence, there are enormous methodological differences in the way the values for morphological variables are calculated across studies. We present a sizeable and freely available database with six new variables for affixes and three for roots for 68,624 words from the English Lexicon Project. We further studied by means of regression models the influence of these new variables on the lexical decision latencies of 4,724 morphologically complex nouns that included one root and one suffix. Results showed that root frequency and suffix length had a facilitatory effect, whereas the percentage of more frequent words in the morphological family of the suffix had an inhibitory effect on latencies. After controlling for collinearity, root family size, suffix family size, suffix P*, and suffix frequency also had facilitatory effects. These results shed new light on the importance of suffix length and the frequency of the lexical competitors of the family of a suffix. This database represents a valuable resource for studies on the effect of morphology in visual word processing in English and can be found at https://github.com/hugomailhot/MorphoLex-en .
大多数读者会发现的新词在形态上都很复杂。此外,语言处理的理论模型提出,形态在视觉单词处理中起着重要作用。然而,关于这个主题的研究结果却相互矛盾,难以调和。一个可能解释这一现象的因素是缺乏一个相当大且可靠的形态数据库。因此,在计算形态变量的值时,研究之间存在着巨大的方法差异。我们提供了一个相当大的、免费的数据库,其中包含了来自英语词汇项目的 68624 个单词的后缀和三个词根的六个新变量。我们进一步通过回归模型研究了这些新变量对 4724 个形态复杂名词的词汇决策潜伏期的影响,这些名词包含一个词根和一个后缀。结果表明,词根频率和后缀长度有促进作用,而后缀形态家族中更常见单词的比例对潜伏期有抑制作用。在控制了共线性、词根家族大小、后缀家族大小、后缀 P和后缀频率之后,根家族大小、后缀家族大小、后缀 P和后缀频率也有促进作用。这些结果揭示了后缀长度和后缀家族的词汇竞争者频率在视觉单词处理中的重要性。这个数据库是研究英语中形态对视觉单词处理影响的一个有价值的资源,可以在 https://github.com/hugomailhot/MorphoLex-en 找到。
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