Department of Human Nutrition and Hygiene, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
Nutr Diet. 2018 Apr;75(2):176-181. doi: 10.1111/1747-0080.12394. Epub 2017 Nov 10.
The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional status and dietary habits of young women, in order to explore their relationship with the menstrual cycle and to determine the proportion of women with menstrual cycle irregularities.
A total of 348 young women aged 15-25 years (19.7 ± 3.7 years) participated in the study and were assigned to a younger group (15-18 years; YG) or an older group (19-25 years; OG). Two subgroups were also distinguished: women with menstrual disorders (MD) and women with regular cycles (RC). Body mass, waist circumference, fat mass (FM), energy and nutrient intakes, and eating behaviour of the subjects were evaluated.
In both age groups, women with menstrual cycle disorders were more likely to have higher body weight, higher body mass index, larger waist circumference and higher body FM. The daily diets of these women contained larger quantities of animal protein and fat, including saturated fat (in OG), but were poorer in vitamins B and B (in YG) and in iron. Disinhibition was significantly more common in the MD group.
The results of this study suggest that nutritional habits and status can interfere with the course of the menstrual cycle in young women.
本研究旨在评估年轻女性的营养状况和饮食习惯，以探讨其与月经周期的关系，并确定月经周期不规律的女性比例。
共有 348 名年龄在 15-25 岁（19.7±3.7 岁）的年轻女性参与了研究，并被分为年轻组（15-18 岁；YG）和年长组（19-25 岁；OG）。还区分了两个亚组：月经失调（MD）和月经正常（RC）的女性。评估了受试者的体重、腰围、体脂肪量（FM）、能量和营养素摄入量以及饮食行为。
在两个年龄组中，月经周期不规律的女性更有可能体重较高、体重指数较高、腰围较大、体脂肪量较高。这些女性的日常饮食中动物蛋白和脂肪含量较高，包括饱和脂肪（OG 中），但维生素 B 和 B（YG 中）和铁含量较低。抑制在 MD 组中更为常见。
本研究结果表明，营养习惯和状况可能会干扰年轻女性的月经周期。
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