1 Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET). Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucumán 4000, Tucumán, Argentina.
2 Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Ayacucho 471, San Miguel de Tucumán 4000, Tucumán, Argentina.
Benef Microbes. 2018 Jan 29;9(1):153-164. doi: 10.3920/BM2016.0220. Epub 2017 Nov 10.
The effect of oral administration of probiotic bacteria cell walls (PBCWs) in the stimulation of the immune system in healthy BALB/c mice was evaluated. We focused our investigation mainly on intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) which are essential for coordinating an adequate mucosal immune response and on the functionality of macrophages. The probiotic bacteria and their cell walls were able to stimulate the IECs exhibiting an important activation and cytokine releases. Supplementation with PBCWs promoted macrophage activation from peritoneum and spleen, indicating that the PBCWs oral administration was able to improve the functionality of the macrophages. In addition, the PBCWs increased immunoglobulin A (IgA)-producing cells in the gut lamina propria in a similar way to probiotic bacteria, but this supplementation did not have an effect on the population of goblet cells in the small intestine epithelium. These results indicate that the probiotic bacteria and their cell walls have an important immunoregulatory effect on the IECs without altering the homeostatic environment but with an increase in IgA+ producing cells and in the innate immune cells, mainly those distant from the gut such as spleen and peritoneum. These findings about the capacity of the cell walls from probiotic bacteria to stimulate key cells, such as IECs and macrophages, and to improve the functioning of the immune system, suggest that those structures could be applied as a new oral adjuvant.
研究了口服益生菌细胞壁（PBCWs）对健康 BALB/c 小鼠免疫系统刺激的影响。我们主要关注肠道上皮细胞（IECs），它们对于协调适当的黏膜免疫反应至关重要，以及巨噬细胞的功能。益生菌及其细胞壁能够刺激 IECs，表现出重要的激活和细胞因子释放。用 PBCWs 补充物促进了来自腹膜和脾脏的巨噬细胞的激活，表明 PBCWs 的口服给药能够改善巨噬细胞的功能。此外，PBCWs 以类似于益生菌的方式增加了肠道固有层中的分泌免疫球蛋白 A（IgA）的细胞，但这种补充对小肠上皮细胞中的杯状细胞数量没有影响。这些结果表明，益生菌及其细胞壁对 IECs 具有重要的免疫调节作用，而不会改变内稳态环境，但会增加 IgA+产生细胞和先天免疫细胞，主要是远离肠道的细胞，如脾脏和腹膜。这些关于益生菌细胞壁刺激关键细胞（如 IECs 和巨噬细胞）并改善免疫系统功能的能力的发现表明，这些结构可以作为一种新的口服佐剂应用。
