Laboratorio de Inmunología, Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), San Miguel de Tucumán 4000, Argentina.
PatLab Laboratorio de Anatomía Patológica Citopatología e Inmunohistoquímica, San Miguel de Tucumán 4000, Argentina.
Nutrients. 2022 Jan 30;14(3):616. doi: 10.3390/nu14030616.
The ability of the immune system to respond to different pathogens throughout life requires the constant production and selection of T cells in the thymus. This immune organ is very sensitive to age, infectious processes and nutrition disorders (obesity and malnutrition). Several studies have shown that the incorporation of some probiotic bacteria or probiotic fermented milk in the diet has beneficial effects, not only at the intestinal level but also on distant mucosal tissues, improving the architecture of the thymus in a malnutrition model. The aim of the present study was to determine whether supplementation with the probiotic strain CRL 431 and/or its cell wall could improve body weight, intestinal microbiota and thymus structure and function in both obese and aging mice. We evaluated probiotic administration to BALB/c mice in 2 experimental mouse models: obesity and senescence, including mice of different ages (21, 28, 45, 90 and 180 days). Changes in thymus size and histology were recorded. T-lymphocyte population and cytokine production were also determined. The consumption of probiotics improved the cortical/medullary ratio, the production and regulation of cytokines and the recovery of mature T-lymphocyte populations of the thymus in obese and old mice. Probiotic incorporation into the diet could not only modulate the immune system but also lead to thymus function recovery, thus improving quality of life.
免疫系统在一生中对不同病原体作出反应的能力需要在胸腺中不断产生和选择 T 细胞。这个免疫器官对年龄、感染过程和营养紊乱（肥胖和营养不良）非常敏感。几项研究表明，在饮食中加入一些益生菌或益生菌发酵乳对肠道水平以及远处的粘膜组织都有有益的影响，可改善营养不良模型中胸腺的结构。本研究旨在确定添加益生菌菌株 CRL 431 及其细胞壁是否可以改善肥胖和衰老小鼠的体重、肠道微生物群和胸腺结构和功能。我们在 2 种实验小鼠模型中评估了益生菌对 BALB/c 小鼠的给药：肥胖和衰老，包括不同年龄的小鼠（21、28、45、90 和 180 天）。记录了胸腺大小和组织学的变化。还测定了 T 淋巴细胞群体和细胞因子的产生。益生菌的消耗改善了肥胖和老年小鼠的皮质/髓质比、细胞因子的产生和调节以及成熟 T 淋巴细胞群体的恢复。益生菌掺入饮食不仅可以调节免疫系统，还可以导致胸腺功能恢复，从而提高生活质量。
