a Faculty of Human and Social Sciences , UKE - Kore University of Enna , Italy.
J Trauma Dissociation. 2018 Oct-Dec;19(5):552-571. doi: 10.1080/15299732.2017.1402400. Epub 2017 Dec 11.
Extensive research has reported a dose-response relationship between exposure to trauma and the severity of both dissociation and psychopathology. However, certain types of trauma may co-occur more frequently than others and specific combinations of traumatic experiences may relate differently to dissociative processes and psychiatric symptoms. In the current study, 359 adult participants completed questionnaires on traumatic experiences, dissociation, and psychopathology. A correlation network analysis showed that some types of trauma are more likely to co-occur and that especially traumatic experiences in attachment relationships during childhood were significantly associated with other trauma in life. A latent class analysis identified four classes of participants (namely, extremely traumatized, resilient to the impact of abuse, exposed to impersonal and social trauma, and reporting low levels of traumatization) who showed different profiles on trauma exposure, dissociation, and psychopathology. Mediation analyses further showed that dissociation partially mediated the relationship between different types of traumatic experiences and the severity of psychiatric symptoms. The findings of this study support the view that a comprehensive assessment of traumatic experiences and dissociation is needed in trauma research and clinical practice.
大量研究报告称，创伤暴露与解离和精神病理学的严重程度之间存在剂量反应关系。然而，某些类型的创伤可能比其他类型更常同时发生，特定组合的创伤经历可能与解离过程和精神症状的关系不同。在当前的研究中，359 名成年参与者完成了关于创伤经历、解离和精神病理学的问卷。相关网络分析表明，某些类型的创伤更有可能同时发生，特别是儿童时期依恋关系中的创伤经历与生活中的其他创伤有显著关联。潜在类别分析确定了四类参与者（即，极度创伤、对虐待影响具有弹性、遭受非个人和社会创伤、报告创伤程度较低），他们在创伤暴露、解离和精神病理学方面表现出不同的特征。中介分析进一步表明，解离在一定程度上中介了不同类型的创伤经历与精神症状严重程度之间的关系。这项研究的结果支持这样一种观点，即在创伤研究和临床实践中需要对创伤经历和解离进行全面评估。
