Gut Health Consultancy, Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom.
Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.
Poult Sci. 2018 Feb 1;97(2):510-514. doi: 10.3382/ps/pex314.
Inflammation is an essential immune response that seeks to contain microbial infection and repair damaged tissue. Increased pro-inflammatory mediators have been associated with enhanced resistance to a range of important poultry and pig pathogens. However, inflammation may also have undesirable consequences, including potentially exacerbating tissue damage and diverting nutrients away from productive purposes. The negative effects of inflammation have led to the active pursuit of anti-inflammatory feed additives and/or strategies. These approaches may, however, impair the ability of an animal to respond appropriately and effectively to the array of pathogens that are likely to be encountered in commercial production, and specifically young animals who may be particularly reliant on innate immune responses. Thus, promoting an animal's capacity to mount a rapid, acute inflammatory response to control and contain the infection and the timely transition to anti-inflammatory, tissue repair processes, and a homeostatic state are suggested as the optimum scenario to maintain an animal's resistance to pathogens and minimize non-productive nutrient losses. Important future studies will help to unravel the trade-offs, and relevant metabolic pathways, between robust immune defense and optimum productive performance, and thus provide real insight into methods to appropriately influence this relationship.
炎症是一种重要的免疫反应，旨在控制微生物感染和修复受损组织。研究表明，促炎介质的增加与增强家禽和猪的一系列重要病原体的抵抗力有关。然而，炎症也可能产生不良后果，包括潜在地加剧组织损伤和将营养物质从生产性用途中转移走。炎症的负面影响导致人们积极寻求抗炎性饲料添加剂和/或策略。然而，这些方法可能会损害动物对可能在商业生产中遇到的各种病原体的适当和有效反应的能力，特别是年幼的动物，它们可能特别依赖先天免疫反应。因此，促进动物迅速、急性地产生炎症反应来控制和遏制感染，并及时过渡到抗炎、组织修复过程和体内平衡状态，被认为是维持动物对病原体的抵抗力和最小化非生产性营养损失的最佳方案。未来的重要研究将有助于揭示强大的免疫防御和最佳生产性能之间的权衡，以及相关的代谢途径，从而为适当影响这种关系的方法提供真正的见解。
