Harmon B G
Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA.
Poult Sci. 1998 Jul;77(7):972-7. doi: 10.1093/ps/77.7.972.
Heterophils are the predominate granulated leukocyte in the acute inflammatory response in gallinaceous birds. Heterophils are highly phagocytic and are capable of a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity. They accumulate in inflamed tissue, causing tissue damage and forming heterophil granulomas that are morphologically similar to inflammatory lesions in reptiles. The avian heterophil lacks myeloperoxidase and depends primarily on nonoxidative mechanisms for antimicrobial activity. The beta-defensins found in heterophil granules can kill a wide variety of bacterial pathogens and are a major component of the heterophil antimicrobial arsenal. Heterophils form the first line of cellular defense against invading microbial pathogens in the lungs and air sacs where resident macrophages are lacking.
异嗜性粒细胞是鸡形目鸟类急性炎症反应中主要的粒细胞。异嗜性粒细胞具有高度吞噬作用，能够进行广泛的抗菌活动。它们在炎症组织中聚集，导致组织损伤并形成与爬行动物炎症病变形态相似的异嗜性粒细胞肉芽肿。禽类异嗜性粒细胞缺乏髓过氧化物酶，其抗菌活性主要依赖于非氧化机制。在异嗜性粒细胞颗粒中发现的β-防御素可以杀死多种细菌病原体，是异嗜性粒细胞抗菌武器库的主要组成部分。在缺乏常驻巨噬细胞的肺和气囊中，异嗜性粒细胞构成了抵御入侵微生物病原体的第一道细胞防线。
