Wei Chia, Gerberich Susan G, Ryan Andrew D, Alexander Bruce H, Church Timothy R, Manser Michael
Midwest Center for Occupational Health and Safety Education and Research Center, Regional Injury Prevention Research Center, and Center for Violence Prevention and Control, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Centers for Disease Control, Epidemic Intelligence Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
Midwest Center for Occupational Health and Safety Education and Research Center, Regional Injury Prevention Research Center, and Center for Violence Prevention and Control, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
Ann Epidemiol. 2017 Dec;27(12):763-770. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2017.09.011. Epub 2017 Oct 28.
Although many studies have focused on bus operators' occupational diseases, work-related injury and associated risk factor data are limited. The purpose of this longitudinal study was to investigate unintentional injury and exposures that may affect injury risk among metropolitan bus operators.
Demographic, work-related, and injury data obtained from a metropolitan transit company for a 5-year period, enabled estimates of rates per 100 full time equivalents (FTEs) and adjusted Hazard Ratios (HRs), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), using Generalized Estimating Equations and Cox proportional hazards models, respectively.
The 2095 bus operators, included in this study, had an unintentional injury rate (95% CI) of 17.8 (16.1-19.7) per 100 FTEs. Multivariable analysis identified increased risks for operators who were female, compared to male (HR = 2.4; 2.0-2.8); worked less than 7 versus 7 to less than 12 hours per day (HR = 4.6; 3.8-5.5); and drove less than 7 versus 7 to less than 12 hours per day (HR = 3.2; 2.7-3.8). Suggestive increased risks were identified for operators working split versus straight shifts (HR = 1.2; 1.0-1.4) and for driving limited versus regular bus routes (HR = 1.36; 1.0-1.8).
Results serve as a basis for further studies and inform the development of targeted intervention strategies to reduce bus operators' occupational injuries.
尽管许多研究都聚焦于公交司机的职业病，但与工作相关的伤害及相关风险因素的数据却很有限。这项纵向研究的目的是调查可能影响大城市公交司机受伤风险的意外伤害和暴露情况。
从一家大城市公交公司获取了为期5年的人口统计学、工作相关及伤害数据，分别使用广义估计方程和Cox比例风险模型，得出每100个全职等效人员（FTE）的发生率估计值以及调整后的风险比（HR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
本研究纳入的2095名公交司机，每100个FTE的意外伤害发生率（95%CI）为17.8（16.1 - 19.7）。多变量分析确定，与男性相比，女性司机受伤风险增加（HR = 2.4；2.0 - 2.8）；每天工作少于7小时与7至少于12小时相比（HR = 4.6；3.8 - 5.5）；每天驾驶少于7小时与7至少于12小时相比（HR = 3.2；2.7 - 3.8）。对于轮班与连续班次工作的司机（HR = 1.2；1.0 - 1.4）以及驾驶有限线路与常规公交线路的司机（HR = 1.36；1.0 - 1.8），发现有受伤风险增加的迹象。
研究结果为进一步研究提供了基础，并为制定针对性的干预策略以减少公交司机的职业伤害提供了参考。
