Silva Tânia T, Mendes Tatiana R, Lapa Inês, Carvalho Paulo, Rodrigues Matilde A
RISE-Health, Center for Translational Health and Medical Biotechnology Research (TBIO), E2S, Polytechnic of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Department of Environmental Health, E2S, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Front Public Health. 2025 Apr 30;13:1529023. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1529023. eCollection 2025.
The public transport sector plays a crucial role in society, offering essential services and providing employment to a significant number of drivers. Despite the importance of this sector, it is essential to recognize that drivers are exposed to various occupational risks inherent to their daily work, which can have serious implications for their health. This study aims to characterize and analyse Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSD) and psychosocial risks in a public transport company.
In the initial phase of the study, a questionnaire was administered to assess musculoskeletal symptoms and psychosocial risks. In the second phase, an inertial motion capture system was used to evaluate the risk of developing WMSD.
The results revealed a significant and concerning prevalence of burnout, with over 60% of workers reporting high or severe levels across all dimensions (i.e., personal, work-related, and client-related burnout). Depression, anxiety, and stress were within typical ranges, though a relevant percentage of participants exhibited severe and extremely severe levels of depression (7.2%), anxiety (12.2%), and stress (8%). Musculoskeletal discomfort was highly prevalent, particularly in the lower back (68.3%) and neck regions (57.2%), regarding pain over the last 12 months. Additionally, the risk of developing WMSDs was high across the various microtasks, which were analyzed across different bus lines and routes, with Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) scores ranging from 4 (Medium Risk) to 7 (Very High Risk).
Based on the results, varying bus types and routes is recommended. Programs should enhance wellbeing, and studies should assess interventions on health, stress, and occupational risks focused on enhancing worker wellbeing should be implemented, and future studies should assess the impact of interventions targeting health, stress, and occupational risks.
公共交通部门在社会中发挥着至关重要的作用，提供基本服务并为大量司机提供就业机会。尽管该部门很重要，但必须认识到司机在日常工作中面临各种职业风险，这可能对他们的健康产生严重影响。本研究旨在描述和分析一家公共交通公司中与工作相关的肌肉骨骼疾病（WMSD）和心理社会风险。
在研究的初始阶段，通过问卷调查来评估肌肉骨骼症状和心理社会风险。在第二阶段，使用惯性运动捕捉系统来评估患WMSD的风险。
结果显示倦怠的患病率很高且令人担忧，超过60%的员工在所有维度（即个人、工作相关和客户相关倦怠）上报告有高或严重程度的倦怠。抑郁、焦虑和压力处于典型范围内，不过有相当比例的参与者表现出严重和极其严重程度的抑郁（7.2%）、焦虑（12.2%）和压力（8%）。肌肉骨骼不适非常普遍，尤其是在过去12个月有疼痛的情况下，下背部（68.3%）和颈部区域（57.2%）尤为明显。此外，在不同的微任务中，患WMSD的风险都很高，这些微任务是在不同公交线路和路线上进行分析的，快速上肢评估（RULA）分数从4（中度风险）到7（极高风险）不等。
基于研究结果，建议采用不同类型的公交车和路线。应制定提高幸福感的计划，实施侧重于提高员工幸福感的健康、压力和职业风险干预措施评估研究，未来的研究应评估针对健康、压力和职业风险的干预措施的影响。
