基于智能手机的酒精和大麻使用的生态瞬时评估（EMA）在有和没有 HIV 感染的老年人群中的应用。

Smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) of alcohol and cannabis use in older adults with and without HIV infection.

机构信息

San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Court, San Diego, CA 92120, United States.

University of California, San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, United States.

出版信息

Addict Behav. 2018 Aug;83:102-108. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.10.016. Epub 2017 Oct 26.

DOI:10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.10.016

PMID:29126667

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5920804/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has been used to characterize substance use among adult populations; however, little is known about the validity of EMA and the patterns and predictors of substance use among older adults with and without HIV infection.

METHODS

Thirty-five (22 HIV-positive, 13 HIV-negative) older adults aged 50-74 were assessed for 14days and completed up to four smartphone-based surveys per day.

RESULTS

Participants completed an average of 89.5% of possible EMA surveys. EMA self-reported alcohol and cannabis use were significantly positively correlated with laboratory-assessed, self-reported days of alcohol (r=0.52, p=0.002) and cannabis (r=0.61, p<0.001) used and quantity of alcohol (r=0.42, p=0.013) and cannabis (r=0.41, p=0.016) used in the 30days prior to baseline assessment. In a subset of 15 alcohol or cannabis users, preliminary analyses of the effects of mood and pain on alcohol or cannabis use showed: 1) greater anxious mood predicted substance use at the next EMA survey (OR=1.737, p=0.023), 2) greater happiness predicted substance use later in the day (OR=1.383, p<0.001), and 3) higher pain level predicted substance use earlier in the day (OR=0.901, p=0.005).

CONCLUSIONS

Findings demonstrate that EMA-measured alcohol and cannabis use has convergent validity among older adults with and without HIV infection. Preliminary results showing predictors of substance use highlight the importance of gathering EMA data to examine daily variability and time-dependent antecedents of substance use among this population.

摘要

简介

生态瞬时评估（EMA）已被用于描述成年人群体中的物质使用情况；然而，对于 EMA 的有效性以及 HIV 感染者和非感染者中老年人群体中物质使用的模式和预测因素知之甚少。

方法

35 名（22 名 HIV 阳性，13 名 HIV 阴性）年龄在 50-74 岁的老年人接受了为期 14 天的评估，并每天完成多达四项基于智能手机的调查。

结果

参与者完成了可能的 EMA 调查的平均 89.5%。EMA 自我报告的酒精和大麻使用与实验室评估的、自我报告的过去 30 天内使用酒精（r=0.52，p=0.002）和大麻（r=0.61，p<0.001）的天数以及过去 30 天内使用的酒精（r=0.42，p=0.013）和大麻（r=0.41，p=0.016）的数量显著正相关。在 15 名酒精或大麻使用者的亚组中，对情绪和疼痛对酒精或大麻使用的影响的初步分析表明：1）焦虑情绪增加预测下一次 EMA 调查中的物质使用（OR=1.737，p=0.023），2）幸福感增加预测当天晚些时候的物质使用（OR=1.383，p<0.001），3）疼痛水平升高预测当天早些时候的物质使用（OR=0.901，p=0.005）。