Moore Raeanne C, Kaufmann Christopher N, Rooney Alexandra S, Moore David J, Eyler Lisa T, Granholm Eric, Woods Steven Paul, Swendsen Joel, Heaton Robert K, Scott J C, Depp Colin A
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA; the Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.
Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA; VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA; the Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA.
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2017 Aug;25(8):829-840. doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2016.11.019. Epub 2016 Dec 1.
This study aimed to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and initial validity of using smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to assess daily functioning and other behavioral factors among older HIV+ adults.
Twenty older HIV+ adults (mean age: 59 years) completed laboratory-based neurobehavioral and functional assessments then completed EMA surveys via smartphones five times per day for one week.
Excellent EMA adherence (86.4%) was found, and participants rated their experience with EMA methods positively. Time-use data indicated participants were spending 74% of their waking-sampled time at home, 63% of their time alone, and 32% of their time engaged in passive leisure activities (e.g., watching TV). Better neurocognitive and functional capacity abilities were correlated with less time spent in passive leisure activities. Lastly, mood and cognitive symptom data collected via EMA were significantly associated with scores from laboratory-based assessments of these same constructs.
EMA via smartphones is a feasible and acceptable data collection method among older HIV+ adults and appears to be a promising mobile tool to assess daily functioning behaviors in HIV. These preliminary findings indicate older HIV+ adults are spending a considerable amount of time at home, alone, and engaged in passive leisure activities, primarily watching TV. EMA may contribute to future research examining functional disability among the growing population of older HIV+ adults.
本研究旨在检验使用基于智能手机的生态瞬时评估（EMA）来评估老年HIV阳性成年人的日常功能及其他行为因素的可行性、可接受性和初始效度。
20名老年HIV阳性成年人（平均年龄：59岁）完成了基于实验室的神经行为和功能评估，然后通过智能手机每天进行5次EMA调查，持续一周。
发现EMA依从性极佳（86.4%），参与者对EMA方法的体验给予了积极评价。时间使用数据表明，参与者清醒采样时间的74%在家中度过，63%的时间独自度过，32%的时间从事被动休闲活动（如看电视）。更好的神经认知和功能能力与在被动休闲活动中花费的时间减少相关。最后，通过EMA收集的情绪和认知症状数据与基于实验室的这些相同结构的评估得分显著相关。
通过智能手机进行EMA是老年HIV阳性成年人中一种可行且可接受的数据收集方法，似乎是评估HIV患者日常功能行为的一种有前景的移动工具。这些初步发现表明，老年HIV阳性成年人在家中、独自度过以及从事被动休闲活动（主要是看电视）的时间相当多。EMA可能有助于未来对日益增多的老年HIV阳性成年人中的功能残疾进行研究。
