Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria; acib GmbH, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria.
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2018 Apr;43:23-29. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.10.006. Epub 2017 Nov 9.
Carboxylate reductases (CARs) are emerging as valuable catalysts for the selective one-step reduction of carboxylic acids to their corresponding aldehydes. The substrate scope of CARs is exceptionally broad and offers potential for their application in diverse synthetic processes. Two major fields of application are the preparation of aldehydes as end products for the flavor and fragrance sector and the integration of CARs in cascade reactions with aldehydes as the key intermediates. The latest applications of CARs are dominated by in vivo cascades and chemo-enzymatic reaction sequences. The challenge to fully exploit product selectivity is discussed. Recent developments in the characterization of CARs are summarized, with a focus on aspects related to the domain architecture and protein sequences of CAR enzymes.
羧酸还原酶（CARs）作为一种有价值的催化剂，可用于选择性地将羧酸一步还原为相应的醛。CARs 的底物范围非常广泛，为其在各种合成过程中的应用提供了潜力。两个主要的应用领域是作为风味和香料行业的最终产物制备醛，以及将 CARs 集成到以醛为关键中间体的级联反应中。CARs 的最新应用主要集中在体内级联和化学-酶反应序列中。讨论了充分利用产物选择性所面临的挑战。总结了 CARs 特性研究的最新进展，重点介绍了与 CAR 酶的结构域架构和蛋白质序列相关的方面。
