Martin Shelby J, Racine Sarah E
Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA; Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Eat Behav. 2017 Dec;27:39-44. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2017.11.001. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
Thin-ideal internalization is a robust risk factor for body dissatisfaction and eating pathology. Conversely, athletic-ideal internalization is often unrelated to body dissatisfaction, but predicts compulsive exercise (i.e., rigid, rule-driven exercise that is continued despite adverse consequences). Distinct personality traits could relate to internalization of different appearance ideals, which may be associated with divergent eating disorder outcomes. Past research has shown that neuroticism is related to body dissatisfaction, whereas extraversion and conscientiousness have been associated with regular and problematic exercise. The current study examined associations among personality traits (i.e., neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness), appearance-ideal internalization (i.e., thin- and athletic-ideal), and eating disorder cognitions/behaviors (i.e., body dissatisfaction, compulsive exercise) among 531 college men and women. Moreover, we tested whether appearance-ideal internalization mediated the relationships between personality traits with body dissatisfaction and compulsive exercise. As expected, body dissatisfaction was positively related to neuroticism, and compulsive exercise was positively associated with extraversion. Thin-ideal internalization positively correlated with neuroticism, athletic-ideal internalization positively correlated with conscientiousness, and both thin- and athletic-ideal internalization were positively related to extraversion. After controlling for gender, body mass index, the other appearance-ideal internalization, and the remaining personality traits, the indirect effects of both neuroticism and extraversion on body dissatisfaction through thin-ideal internalization were significant. Extraversion and conscientiousness were indirectly related to compulsive exercise through athletic-ideal internalization, whereas the indirect effect of neuroticism was dependent on covariates. As such, personality traits may be related to distinct eating disorder cognitions/behaviors through internalization of specific appearance ideals.
追求瘦的理想内化是身体不满和饮食病理学的一个有力风险因素。相反，追求运动健美的理想内化通常与身体不满无关，但可预测强迫性运动（即刻板、受规则驱动且不顾不良后果仍持续的运动）。不同的人格特质可能与不同外表理想的内化有关，这可能与不同的饮食失调结果相关。过去的研究表明，神经质与身体不满有关，而外向性和尽责性则与规律运动和问题性运动有关。本研究调查了531名男女大学生的人格特质（即神经质、外向性、尽责性）、外表理想内化（即追求瘦的理想和追求运动健美的理想）与饮食失调认知/行为（即身体不满、强迫性运动）之间的关联。此外，我们还测试了外表理想内化是否介导了人格特质与身体不满和强迫性运动之间的关系。正如预期的那样，身体不满与神经质呈正相关，强迫性运动与外向性呈正相关。追求瘦的理想内化与神经质呈正相关，追求运动健美的理想内化与尽责性呈正相关，追求瘦和追求运动健美的理想内化均与外向性呈正相关。在控制了性别、体重指数、另一种外表理想内化以及其余人格特质后，神经质和外向性通过追求瘦的理想内化对身体不满的间接效应均显著。外向性和尽责性通过追求运动健美的理想内化与强迫性运动间接相关，而神经质的间接效应则取决于协变量。因此，人格特质可能通过特定外表理想的内化与不同的饮食失调认知/行为相关。
