Felsberg Anne, Ross J Ole, Schlosser Clemens, Kirchner Gerald
Universität Hamburg, ZNF, Hamburg, Germany.
Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR), Hannover, Germany.
J Environ Radioact. 2018 Jan;181:85-93. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2017.10.015. Epub 2017 Nov 9.
Due to its half-life, chemical inertness and low solubility in water, radioactive Kr is a valuable tracer for testing the performance of atmospheric dispersion models in simulating long-range transport of pollutants. This paper evaluates the capability of simulating the dispersion of radiokrypton emitted by a nuclear fuel reprocessing plant in north-west France. Three time periods during which elevated activity concentrations of Kr in ground level air were detected in south-west Germany are chosen. Simulations have been performed using the HYSPLIT code and the European Centre for Median-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) data base. Although their results show a slight trend of underestimating the measured Kr concentrations, there is a significant correlation and moderate scatter between observations and simulations with about 50% of the results being within a factor of two of the measured concentrations. The simulated travel time distributions provided a valuable tool for providing additional insight into the dispersion of the tracer radionuclides and for identifying potential causes of deviations between measured and calculated concentrations.
由于其半衰期、化学惰性以及在水中的低溶解度，放射性氪是测试大气扩散模型在模拟污染物远距离传输方面性能的一种有价值的示踪剂。本文评估了模拟法国西北部一座核燃料后处理厂排放的放射性氪扩散的能力。选择了在德国西南部检测到地面空气中氪活度浓度升高的三个时间段。使用HYSPLIT代码和欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）数据库进行了模拟。尽管其结果显示出略微低估实测氪浓度的趋势，但观测值与模拟值之间存在显著相关性且离散程度适中，约50%的结果在实测浓度的两倍范围内。模拟的传输时间分布为深入了解示踪放射性核素的扩散以及识别实测浓度与计算浓度之间偏差的潜在原因提供了一个有价值的工具。
