Minor Maria A, Ermilov Sergey G, Tiunov Alexei V
Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Russia.
Exp Appl Acarol. 2017 Dec;73(3-4):365-381. doi: 10.1007/s10493-017-0190-2. Epub 2017 Nov 11.
We analysed species-level datasets representing Oribatida assemblages along a gradient of old-growth primary tropical forests, secondary forests, and plantation forests in Dong Nai Biosphere Reserve, Vietnam. We identified patterns in abundance, species richness and species assemblages of Oribatida, then applied taxonomic sufficiency approach to the datasets. Using three levels of higher-taxon aggregation, we evaluated whether aggregated datasets are useful in identifying ecological patterns, in comparison to species-level data. Species-level data on Oribatida assemblages clearly separated plantation forests from other forest environments; there was no significant separation between primary and secondary forests. Geographical structuring of species-level assemblages was significant, separating sites from two regions of the reserve. There was a significant concordance between multivariate ordination plots produced for species-level and aggregated (families, suborders/superfamilies) datasets, with Oribatida assemblages of plantation forests consistently separated from two other forest types. Mycobatidae (at family level) and Ceratozetoidea (at suborder/superfamily level) were indicators of plantation forests. The coarsest taxonomic resolution dataset with only four aggregated groups produced no separation of Oribatida assemblages by forest type or region. Moderate level of taxonomic aggregation applied to Oribatida community data did not cause great differences in patterns revealed by multivariate analysis, and therefore could be a valid approach to analysing the structure of tropical Oribatida assemblages. The taxonomic level of suborders and Brachypylina superfamilies appears to be the best compromise for ecological information and ease of identification. Two traits-body size and reproductive mode-were recorded for collected Oribatida species. Community-weighted mean trait value, modified Mason's index of functional divergence, and Rao's index of functional diversity were calculated for each trait in each of the sampled Oribatida assemblages. Sexual reproduction was a dominant reproductive mode in soil Oribatida and did not vary across forest types, indicating similar levels of resource limitation for this trait. For body size, lower functional divergence in plantation forests suggests less scope for niche differentiation and higher competition among different body sizes in this forest type. Use of functional traits can enhance and complement the analysis of Oribatida communities, but more data are needed on feeding- and diet-related traits in tropical Oribatida.
我们分析了越南同奈生物圈保护区内，代表沿原始热带森林、次生林和人工林梯度分布的甲螨类群的物种水平数据集。我们确定了甲螨类在丰度、物种丰富度和物种组合方面的模式，然后将分类充足性方法应用于这些数据集。使用三个更高分类单元聚合水平，我们评估了与物种水平数据相比，聚合数据集在识别生态模式方面是否有用。甲螨类群的物种水平数据清楚地将人工林与其他森林环境区分开来；原始森林和次生林之间没有明显区分。物种水平组合的地理结构很显著，将保护区两个区域的地点区分开来。针对物种水平和聚合（科、亚目/总科）数据集生成的多变量排序图之间存在显著一致性，人工林的甲螨类群始终与其他两种森林类型区分开来。菌甲螨科（科级）和角甲螨总科（亚目/总科级）是人工林的指示类群。仅包含四个聚合组的最粗略分类分辨率数据集，没有按森林类型或区域区分甲螨类群。应用于甲螨群落数据的中等分类聚合水平，在多变量分析揭示的模式中没有造成很大差异，因此可能是分析热带甲螨类群结构的有效方法。亚目和短气门亚目总科的分类水平似乎是生态信息和易于识别之间的最佳折衷。记录了所收集甲螨物种的两个特征——体型和繁殖方式。为每个采样的甲螨类群中的每个特征计算了群落加权平均特征值、修正的梅森功能差异指数和饶氏功能多样性指数。有性生殖是土壤甲螨的主要繁殖方式，并且在不同森林类型中没有变化，表明该特征的资源限制水平相似。对于体型，人工林中较低的功能差异表明该森林类型中生态位分化的范围较小，不同体型之间的竞争较高。功能性状的使用可以加强和补充甲螨群落的分析，但需要更多关于热带甲螨摄食和饮食相关性状的数据。
