Doran Christopher M, Kinchin Irina
Centre for Indigenous Health Equity Research, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Level 4, 160 Ann Street Brisbane Qld 4000, Australia. Email.
Aust Health Rev. 2019 Feb;43(1):43-48. doi: 10.1071/AH16115.
Objective To examine the impact and cost associated with mental illness. Methods A rapid review of the literature from Australia, New Zealand, UK and Canada was undertaken. The review included literature pertaining to the cost-of-illness and impact of mental illness as well as any modelling studies. Included studies were categorised according to impact on education, labour force engagement, earlier retirement or welfare dependency. The well-accepted Drummond 10-point economic appraisal checklist was used to assess the quality of the studies. Results A total of 45 methodologically diverse studies were included. The studies highlight the significant burden mental illness places on all facets of society, including individuals, families, workplaces and the wider economy. Mental illness results in a greater chance of leaving school early, a lower probability of gaining full-time employment and a reduced quality of life. Research from Canada suggests that the total economic costs associated with mental illness will increase six-fold over the next 30 years with costs likely to exceed A$2.8 trillion (based on 2015 Australian dollars). Conclusions Mental illness is associated with a high economic burden. Further research is required to develop a better understanding of the trajectory and burden of mental illness so that resources can be directed towards cost-effective interventions. What is known about the topic? Although mental illness continues to be one of the leading contributors to the burden of disease, there is limited information on the economic impact that mental illness imposes on individuals, families, workplaces and the wider economy. What does this paper add? This review provides a summary of the economic impact and cost of mental illness. The included literature highlights the significant burden mental illness places on individuals, families, workplaces, society and the economy in general. The review identified several areas for improvement. For example, only limited information is available on the impact of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety, cognitive function, conduct disorder, eating disorder and psychological distress. There was also a dearth of evidence on the intangible elements of pain and suffering of people and their families with depressive disorders. More research is required to better understand the full extent of the impact of mental illness and strategies that may be implemented to minimise this harm. What are the implications for practitioners? Knowing the current and future impact of mental illness highlights the imperative to develop an effective policy response.
目的 探讨与精神疾病相关的影响及成本。方法 对来自澳大利亚、新西兰、英国和加拿大的文献进行快速回顾。该回顾包括与精神疾病的疾病成本和影响相关的文献以及任何建模研究。纳入的研究根据对教育、劳动力参与、提前退休或福利依赖的影响进行分类。采用广泛认可的德拉蒙德10点经济评估清单来评估研究质量。结果 共纳入45项方法各异的研究。这些研究突出了精神疾病给社会各方面带来的重大负担，包括个人、家庭、工作场所和更广泛的经济领域。精神疾病导致更早辍学的可能性增加、获得全职工作的概率降低以及生活质量下降。加拿大的研究表明，与精神疾病相关的总经济成本在未来30年将增加六倍，成本可能超过2.8万亿澳元（基于2015年澳元）。结论 精神疾病与高昂的经济负担相关。需要进一步开展研究，以更好地了解精神疾病的发展轨迹和负担，从而将资源导向具有成本效益的干预措施。关于该主题已知的情况是什么？尽管精神疾病仍然是疾病负担的主要贡献因素之一，但关于精神疾病对个人、家庭、工作场所和更广泛经济领域造成的经济影响的信息有限。本文补充了什么内容？本综述总结了精神疾病的经济影响和成本。纳入的文献突出了精神疾病给个人、家庭、工作场所、社会及总体经济带来的重大负担。该综述确定了几个需要改进的领域。例如，关于注意力缺陷多动障碍、焦虑、认知功能、品行障碍、饮食失调和心理困扰的影响，仅有有限的信息。关于抑郁症患者及其家人痛苦和折磨的无形因素，也缺乏证据。需要开展更多研究，以更好地了解精神疾病影响的全貌以及可实施的将这种危害降至最低的策略。对从业者有何启示？了解精神疾病当前和未来的影响凸显了制定有效政策应对措施的紧迫性。
