Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Germany.
Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Int J Med Microbiol. 2018 Jan;308(1):206-214. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2017.11.002. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
Leishmaniasis is transmitted by sand flies leading to parasite inoculation into skin. In the mammalian host, the parasite primarily resides in skin macrophages (MΦ) and dendritic cells (DC). MΦ are silently invaded by the parasite eliciting a stress response, whereas DC become activated, release IL-12, and prime antigen-specific T cells. Here we review the basics of the immune response against this human pathogen and elucidate the role and function DC and MΦ for establishment of protective immunity against leishmaniasis. We focus on cell type-specific differences in parasite uptake, phagocyte activation and processing of parasite antigens to facilitate an understanding how their respective function may be modulated e.g. under therapeutic considerations.
利什曼病通过沙蝇传播，导致寄生虫接种到皮肤中。在哺乳动物宿主中，寄生虫主要存在于皮肤巨噬细胞 (MΦ) 和树突状细胞 (DC) 中。寄生虫无声无息地侵入 MΦ，引发应激反应，而 DC 被激活，释放 IL-12，并启动抗原特异性 T 细胞。在这里，我们回顾了针对这种人类病原体的免疫反应基础，并阐明了 DC 和 MΦ 在建立针对利什曼病的保护性免疫中的作用和功能。我们专注于寄生虫摄取、吞噬细胞激活和寄生虫抗原加工方面的细胞类型特异性差异，以帮助理解它们各自的功能如何被调节，例如在治疗考虑下。
