Lardiés-Sánchez Beatriz, Sanz-París Alejandro, Pérez-Nogueras Javier, Serrano-Oliver Antonio, Torres-Anoro María Elena, Ballesteros-Pomar María Dolores
Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet.
Nutr Hosp. 2017 Oct 24;34(5):1080-1088. doi: 10.20960/nh.1061.
Poor nutritional status is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, especially in older people.
The aim of this study was to assess nutritional status in elderly nursing home residents with different nutritional test, and to determine which parameters used for nutritional assessment can be carried out in this population, which usually have a high prevalence of functionally dependent residents.
A cross-sectional study was performed in 383 elderly. The nutritional assessment tools used were the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), the new ESPEN consensus definition of malnutrition, and the tool for Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT). Moreover, the ability to perform basic activities of daily living was assessed with the Barthel index (BI).
According to BI, 78.9% had a total dependence and only 20.9% could be weighed and heighed. The prevalence of malnutrition with MNA, ESPEN and CONUT was 21.3%, 17.6% and 20.7%, respectively. The agreement between MNA vs ESPEN criteria was moderate (kappa = 0.483), but with CONUT was low.
Nursing homes had a high percentage of totally dependent residents. This high degree of functional dependence made difficult to obtain some anthropometric parameters such as weight and height, which are essential to carry out most nutritional tests. MNA, CONUT and the new ESPEN criteria of malnutrition showed a high prevalence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition in subjects in which they could be performed.
营养状况不佳与发病率和死亡率增加相关，尤其是在老年人中。
本研究的目的是通过不同的营养测试评估老年疗养院居民的营养状况，并确定哪些用于营养评估的参数可在该人群中进行，该人群中功能依赖居民的患病率通常较高。
对383名老年人进行了横断面研究。使用的营养评估工具包括微型营养评定法（MNA）、欧洲临床营养和代谢学会（ESPEN）新的营养不良共识定义以及营养状况控制工具（CONUT）。此外，用巴氏指数（BI）评估日常生活基本活动能力。
根据BI，78.9%的人完全依赖他人，只有20.9%的人能够进行称重和测量身高。MNA、ESPEN和CONUT评估的营养不良患病率分别为21.3%、17.6%和20.7%。MNA与ESPEN标准之间的一致性为中等（kappa = 0.483），但与CONUT的一致性较低。
疗养院中完全依赖他人的居民比例很高。这种高度的功能依赖性使得难以获得一些人体测量参数，如体重和身高，而这些参数对于进行大多数营养测试至关重要。MNA、CONUT和ESPEN新的营养不良标准显示，在能够进行评估的受试者中，营养不良和营养不良风险的患病率很高。
