Outcome of long-term hospitalization for asthma in children.

Children whose asthma continues to be poorly controlled with outpatient management are often referred to a long-term hospital program for care. Although these programs have been in existence since the 1950s, there has been no systematic study of their effectiveness. The purpose of the present study was to determine outcome in 103 children discharged consecutively after a long-term hospitalization. These children had both severe asthma and significant psychologic problems. Eighty-three of the 103 children had required continuous or frequent intermittent steroids for asthma control. In the year before admission, they had been hospitalized for asthma a mean of 2.6 times for 11.8 days and had had 4.6 visits to emergency rooms and 6.6 visits to physician offices for acute wheezing. Use of medical resources for asthma decreased significantly in the year after long-term hospitalization compared to the year before hospitalization (hospitalization: -34%, p less than 0.0001; hospital days: -39%, p less than 0.0002; emergency room visits: -46%, p less than 0.00001; physician office visits for acute asthma, -42%; p less than 0.00001; and a composite score giving increasing weight to more intensive and costly care: -30%, p less than 0.0001). Long-term hospitalization for children with asthma not responsive to outpatient management is associated with improvement in their use of medical resources.