Department of Pediatrics, Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
Exp Dermatol. 2018 Feb;27(2):204-207. doi: 10.1111/exd.13465. Epub 2018 Jan 10.
The Warburg theory of cancer postulates that an important driver of tumorigenesis is insufficient respiration due to mitochondrial defects, and concomitant enhancement of lactate production due to increased aerobic glycolysis. We analysed 48 melanoma samples by immunohistochemistry and found that 38% of melanomas are characterized by areas of isolated or combined deficiencies of complexes of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system, whereby the incidence of OXPHOS-deficient areas is associated with an increased Breslow index; 62% of melanomas showed high expression of all OXPHOS complexes. Expression of carbonic anhydrase IX was low, indicating that melanomas generally are well-oxygenated. Expression of HIF-1α and MCT4 was high, which might be a consequence of increased lactate dehydrogenase A levels in melanomas. Our data indicate that there are two types of melanomas: one that features a classic Warburg effect, whereas the other one, despite being glycolytic, maintains a high level of OXPHOS complexes.
瓦伯格（Warburg）癌症理论假定，由于线粒体缺陷导致呼吸不足，以及由于有氧糖酵解增加导致乳酸盐产生增加，是肿瘤发生的重要驱动因素。我们通过免疫组织化学分析了 48 个黑色素瘤样本，发现 38%的黑色素瘤具有氧化磷酸化（OXPHOS）系统复合物孤立或联合缺乏的特征，其中 OXPHOS 缺陷区域的发生率与 Breslow 指数增加相关；62%的黑色素瘤表现出所有 OXPHOS 复合物的高表达。碳酸酐酶 IX 的表达水平较低，表明黑色素瘤通常具有良好的氧合作用。HIF-1α 和 MCT4 的表达水平较高，这可能是由于黑色素瘤中乳酸脱氢酶 A 水平升高所致。我们的数据表明，存在两种类型的黑色素瘤：一种表现出典型的瓦伯格效应，而另一种尽管是糖酵解的，但仍保持高水平的 OXPHOS 复合物。
