与 III 类错（牙合）患者面罩治疗引起的长期垂直骨骼变化相关的因素。
Factors associated with long-term vertical skeletal changes induced by facemask therapy in patients with Class III malocclusion.
出版信息
Angle Orthod. 2018 Mar;88(2):157-162. doi: 10.2319/042717-282.1. Epub 2017 Nov 13.
OBJECTIVES
This study investigated the long-term vertical skeletal changes induced by facemask therapy in patients with Class III malocclusion and different vertical skeletal patterns.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 54 patients (20 boys and 34 girls; mean age, 7.7 ± 2.0 years) with Class III malocclusion who were successfully treated with facemask therapy were included in this study. Vertical skeletal changes (overbite depth indicator, angle between the Sella-Nasion (SN) plane and Gonion-Gnathion (GoGn) line, angle between the Frankfort horizontal (FH) plane and mandibular plane, gonial angle, and angle between the SN plane and palatal plane) were measured on lateral cephalograms from before treatment (T0) to after facemask therapy (T1) and from T0 to after retention (T2). Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to study the associations of the patients' skeletal patterns with the short-term (T0-T1) and long-term (T0-T2) vertical skeletal changes as a result of facemask therapy.
RESULTS
The mean treatment period of facemask therapy (T0-T1) was 1.4 ± 0.6 years, and the mean retention period (T1-T2) was 6.9 ± 2.6 years. Age at T0 was significantly correlated with vertical skeletal changes from T0 to T1. Differences in the treatment results between sexes were not significant. The angle between point A-point B line and mandibular plane to mandibular plane angle at T0 and the angle between the FH plane and mandibular plane at T0 were significant predictors for short-term and long-term changes. Changes in the Sella-Nasion-point A from T0 to T1 and from T1 to T2 significantly affected vertical changes in the short term and long term, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Vertical skeletal changes as a result of facemask therapy are significantly associated with severity of the skeletal Class III malocclusion and mandibular plane angulation before treatment and the amount of forward maxillary growth during the treatment and retention periods.
目的
本研究旨在探讨功能性矫治器治疗安氏Ⅲ类错（牙合）不同垂直骨面型患者的长期垂直骨骼变化。
材料和方法
本研究共纳入 54 例（男 20 例，女 34 例；平均年龄 7.7±2.0 岁）成功接受功能性矫治器治疗的安氏Ⅲ类错（牙合）患者。通过侧位头颅侧位片测量垂直骨骼变化（覆（牙合）深度指示，Sella-Nasion（SN）平面与下颌角-下颌颏点（GoGn）线的夹角，法兰克福平面与下颌平面的夹角，下颌角和 SN 平面与腭平面的夹角），分别在治疗前（T0）至治疗后（T1）和 T0 至保持后（T2）进行。采用多元线性回归分析研究患者骨骼类型与功能性矫治器治疗短期（T0-T1）和长期（T0-T2）垂直骨骼变化的相关性。
结果
功能性矫治器治疗的平均治疗时间（T0-T1）为 1.4±0.6 年，平均保持时间（T1-T2）为 6.9±2.6 年。T0 时的年龄与 T0 至 T1 期间的垂直骨骼变化显著相关。性别之间的治疗效果差异无统计学意义。T0 时 A 点-B 点连线与下颌平面的夹角和下颌平面角，以及 T0 时 FH 平面与下颌平面的夹角是短期和长期变化的显著预测因子。T0 至 T1 期间 Sella-Nasion 点 A 的变化以及 T1 至 T2 期间的变化分别显著影响短期和长期的垂直变化。
结论
功能性矫治器治疗引起的垂直骨骼变化与治疗前骨骼安氏Ⅲ类错（牙合）严重程度和下颌平面角度以及治疗和保持期间上颌前突生长量密切相关。
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