Longobardi Emiddia, Spataro Pietro, Colonnesi Cristina
Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
Infant Behav Dev. 2018 Feb;50:52-63. doi: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2017.11.003. Epub 2017 Nov 10.
The effects of Communicative functions and Mind-Mindedness on children's language development have been typically investigated in separate studies. The present longitudinal research was therefore designed to yield new insight into the simultaneous impact of these two dimensions of maternal responsiveness on the acquisition of expressive language skills in a sample of 25 mother-child dyads. The frequencies of five communicative functions (Tutorial, Didactic, Conversational, Control and Asynchronous) and two types of mind-related comments (attuned vs. non-attuned) were assessed from a 15-min play session at 16 months. Children's expressive language was examined at both 16 months (number of word types and tokens produced, and number of words attributed to the child in the Questionnaire for Communication and Early Language development) and 20 months (number of internal and non-internal words attributed to the child in the Italian version of the Mac Arthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory). The main finding was that mothers' use of attuned mind-related comments at 16 months predicted internal state language at 20 months, above and beyond the effects of CFs and children's linguistic ability at 16 months; in addition, mothers' Tutorial function at 16 months marginally predicted non-internal state language at 20 months, after controlling for MM and children's linguistic ability at 16 months. These results suggest that different expressions of maternal responsiveness influence distinct aspects of children's expressive language in the second year of life, although the effects of MM appear to be more robust.
以往关于交流功能和心智关注对儿童语言发展的影响的研究通常是分开进行的。因此，本纵向研究旨在深入了解母亲反应性的这两个维度对25对母婴样本中表达性语言技能习得的同时影响。在16个月大时，通过15分钟的游戏环节评估了五种交流功能（指导型、说教型、对话型、控制型和异步型）的频率以及两种与心智相关的评论类型（协调型与非协调型）。在16个月（词汇类型和词元数量，以及在《交流与早期语言发展问卷》中归属于儿童的词汇数量）和20个月（在意大利版的《麦克阿瑟-贝茨交流发展量表》中归属于儿童的内部和非内部词汇数量）时对儿童的表达性语言进行了评估。主要研究结果是母亲在16个月时使用协调型与心智相关评论能够预测儿童在20个月时关于内部状态的语言，这一预测作用超出了交流功能和儿童在16个月时的语言能力的影响；此外，在控制了心智关注和儿童在16个月时的语言能力后，母亲在16个月时的指导型功能对儿童在20个月时关于非内部状态的语言具有一定的预测作用。这些结果表明，母亲反应性的不同表现会影响儿童在生命第二年表达性语言的不同方面，尽管心智关注的影响似乎更为显著。
