Shongwe Musa N
a University of Swaziland , Institute of Distance Education , Kwaluseni , Manzini , Swaziland.
Afr J AIDS Res. 2017 Dec;16(4):329-334. doi: 10.2989/16085906.2017.1385495.
Since 1999, the HIV and AIDS epidemic in Swaziland has been declared a national disaster, and today HIV and AIDS still pose a great threat to the survival and development of Swaziland and its people. The impact of the pandemic necessitated a multi-faceted response from the government. This paper critically evaluates the Swaziland legal response to HIV and AIDS. The objective is to assess whether and to what extent Swazi law addresses human rights issues related to HIV and AIDS. Through the application of a human rights based theory, the paper analyses the domestication of Swaziland's treaty commitments, and the constitutional and the statutory frameworks. The paper advances the importance of "law" as a tool that can create an enabling environment for a national response to HIV and AIDS. It analyses how the government has successfully crafted the normative framework so as to make it responsive to the fight against HIV and AIDS, and the shortcomings of the Swaziland legal system in this fight. The paper argues that even though a credible legal and policy environment is in place, some laws still need to be supplemented, reviewed and amended so that the legal system adequately addresses the human rights issues related to HIV and AIDS. The paper suggests improvements to the legal system which mainly relate to aligning the legal framework with the Constitution of Swaziland and international conventions to which Swaziland is party.
自1999年以来，斯威士兰的艾滋病毒和艾滋病疫情已被宣布为国家灾难，如今艾滋病毒和艾滋病仍然对斯威士兰及其人民的生存和发展构成巨大威胁。这场大流行病的影响使得政府必须做出多方面的应对。本文对斯威士兰针对艾滋病毒和艾滋病的法律应对措施进行了批判性评估。目的是评估斯威士兰法律是否以及在多大程度上解决了与艾滋病毒和艾滋病相关的人权问题。通过运用基于人权的理论，本文分析了斯威士兰条约承诺的国内化情况以及宪法和法规框架。本文强调了“法律”作为一种工具的重要性，它能够为国家应对艾滋病毒和艾滋病创造有利环境。分析了政府如何成功构建规范框架以使其能够应对艾滋病毒和艾滋病防治工作，以及斯威士兰法律体系在这场斗争中的不足之处。本文认为，尽管已经建立了可靠的法律和政策环境，但仍有一些法律需要补充、审查和修订，以便法律体系能够充分解决与艾滋病毒和艾滋病相关的人权问题。本文建议对法律体系进行改进，主要涉及使法律框架与斯威士兰宪法以及斯威士兰加入的国际公约保持一致。
