Dekel Yaron, Machluf Yossy, Stoler Aviad, Aderet Arava, Baumel Daniel, Kellerman Efrat, Plotsky Yoram, Noked Partouche Oshrat, Elhalal Gal, Ben-Shlomo Izhar, Bercovich Dani
Shamir Research Institute, University of Haifa, P.O.Box 97, 1290000, Kazerin, Israel.
Zefat Academic College, Zefat, Israel.
BMC Vet Res. 2017 Nov 13;13(1):333. doi: 10.1186/s12917-017-1251-9.
Sensitivity to macrocyclic lactones, which are commonly used in veterinary clinics, was first found in Rough Collies, and was attributed in 2001 to a 4 bp deletion in the MDR1 gene. The list of affected breeds currently includes 13 breeds. Researchers from different countries and continents examined the allelic frequencies of the nt230(del4) MDR1 mutation, emphasizing the clinical importance of this test not only to mutation-prone dogs, but also to their crosses and mongrels, since treatment of a deletion carrier with these compounds may lead to its death. In this study, the allelic frequencies of nt230(del4) MDR1 mutation in affected breeds, their crosses, unrelated pure breeds and mongrels are reported for the state of Israel (n = 1416 dogs). The Israeli data were compared with reports from the US, Europe, UK, Australia and Japan.
The allelic frequencies of nt230(del4) MDR1 mutation in Israel for Australian, Swiss and German Shepherds (31%, 17% and 2.4%, respectively) are similar to the corresponding frequencies worldwide, much higher for Border Collies (4.8%), twice lower for Rough Collies (28%, compared to 55% or more elsewhere), and ~1% for mongrels. The frequencies for crosses of Australian Shepherd and Border Collies in Israel are 4 and 1.6 times lower, respectively, compared to the frequencies for the respective pure breeds.
This work, that for the first time presents the frequency of nt230(del4) MDR1 mutation in Israel, along with a worldwide survey, has implications for clinicians, owners and breeders of sheepdogs and their crosses and supports the need for extra care in treatment and in future breeding. Of note, the relative proportion of affected breeds, in the overall tested dogs, might be higher than their actual proportion in Israel due to directed samples collection by veterinarians for clinical purposes, as these are mainly limited to certain affected breeds or dogs that resemble them.
大环内酯类药物常用于兽医临床，对其敏感性最初在粗毛柯利犬中被发现，并于2001年归因于MDR1基因中的一个4bp缺失。目前受影响的品种列表包括13个品种。来自不同国家和大陆的研究人员检测了nt230（del4）MDR1突变的等位基因频率，强调了该检测不仅对易发生突变的犬，而且对其杂交后代和杂种犬的临床重要性，因为用这些化合物治疗缺失携带者可能导致其死亡。在本研究中，报告了以色列（n = 1416只犬）受影响品种、其杂交后代、无关纯种犬和杂种犬中nt230（del4）MDR1突变的等位基因频率。将以色列的数据与来自美国、欧洲、英国、澳大利亚和日本的报告进行了比较。
以色列澳大利亚牧羊犬、瑞士牧羊犬和德国牧羊犬中nt230（del4）MDR1突变的等位基因频率（分别为31%、17%和2.4%）与全球相应频率相似，边境牧羊犬的频率（4.8%）高得多，粗毛柯利犬的频率（28%，而其他地方为55%或更高）低两倍，杂种犬的频率约为1%。以色列澳大利亚牧羊犬和边境牧羊犬杂交后代的频率分别比各自纯种犬的频率低4倍和1.6倍。
这项首次呈现以色列nt230（del4）MDR1突变频率并进行全球调查的工作，对牧羊犬及其杂交后代的临床医生、犬主和育种者具有启示意义，并支持在治疗和未来育种中需要格外小心。值得注意的是，由于兽医出于临床目的进行定向样本采集，在总体检测犬中，受影响品种的相对比例可能高于它们在以色列的实际比例，因为这些样本主要限于某些受影响品种或与其相似的犬。
