Faculty of Management and Accounting, Department of Industrial Management, Allameh Tabataba'I University, Tehran, Iran.
Medical Informatics Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Int J Med Inform. 2017 Dec;108:146-151. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2017.10.012. Epub 2017 Oct 17.
Appropriate knowledge, correct information, and relevant data are vital in medical diagnosis and treatment systems. Knowledge Management (KM) through its tools/techniques provides a pertinent framework for decision-making in healthcare systems. The objective of this study was to identify and prioritize the KM tools/techniques that apply to hospital setting.
This is a descriptive-survey study. Data were collected using a -researcher-made questionnaire that was developed based on experts' opinions to select the appropriate tools/techniques from 26 tools/techniques of the Asian Productivity Organization (APO) model. Questions were categorized into five steps of KM (identifying, creating, storing, sharing, and applying the knowledge) according to this model. The study population consisted of middle and senior managers of hospitals and managing directors of Vice-Chancellor for Curative Affairs in Kerman University of Medical Sciences in Kerman, Iran. The data were analyzed in SPSS v.19 using one-sample t-test.
Twelve out of 26 tools/techniques of the APO model were identified as the tools applicable in hospitals. "Knowledge café" and "APO knowledge management assessment tool" with respective means of 4.23 and 3.7 were the most and the least applicable tools in the knowledge identification step. "Mentor-mentee scheme", as well as "voice and Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP)" with respective means of 4.20 and 3.52 were the most and the least applicable tools/techniques in the knowledge creation step. "Knowledge café" and "voice and VOIP" with respective means of 3.85 and 3.42 were the most and the least applicable tools/techniques in the knowledge storage step. "Peer assist and 'voice and VOIP' with respective means of 4.14 and 3.38 were the most and the least applicable tools/techniques in the knowledge sharing step. Finally, "knowledge worker competency plan" and "knowledge portal" with respective means of 4.38 and 3.85 were the most and the least applicable tools/techniques in the knowledge application step.
The results showed that 12 out of 26 tools in the APO model are appropriate for hospitals of which 11 are significantly applicable, and "storytelling" is marginally applicable. In this study, the preferred tools/techniques for implementation of each of the five KM steps in hospitals are introduced.
在医学诊断和治疗系统中，适当的知识、正确的信息和相关数据至关重要。知识管理（KM）通过其工具/技术为医疗保健系统的决策提供了一个相关框架。本研究的目的是确定并优先考虑适用于医院环境的 KM 工具/技术。
这是一项描述性调查研究。使用研究者制作的问卷收集数据，该问卷是根据专家意见制定的，用于从亚洲生产力组织（APO）模型的 26 种工具/技术中选择合适的工具/技术。问题根据该模型分为 KM 的五个步骤（识别、创建、存储、共享和应用知识）进行分类。研究人群包括伊朗克尔曼医科大学医院的中层和高层管理人员以及副校长治疗事务主任。数据使用 SPSS v.19 进行分析，采用单样本 t 检验。
从 APO 模型的 26 种工具/技术中确定了 12 种适用于医院的工具。“知识咖啡馆”和“APO 知识管理评估工具”的平均值分别为 4.23 和 3.7，是知识识别步骤中最适用和最不适用的工具。“师徒制”以及“语音和互联网协议语音（VOIP）”的平均值分别为 4.20 和 3.52，是知识创造步骤中最适用和最不适用的工具/技术。“知识咖啡馆”和“语音和 VOIP”的平均值分别为 3.85 和 3.42，是知识存储步骤中最适用和最不适用的工具/技术。“同行协助和语音和 VOIP”的平均值分别为 4.14 和 3.38，是知识共享步骤中最适用和最不适用的工具/技术。最后，“知识型员工能力计划”和“知识门户”的平均值分别为 4.38 和 3.85，是知识应用步骤中最适用和最不适用的工具/技术。
结果表明，APO 模型中的 26 种工具中有 12 种适用于医院，其中 11 种具有显著适用性，而“讲故事”则具有边缘适用性。在本研究中，介绍了在医院实施 KM 的五个步骤中的每一个步骤中首选的工具/技术。
