National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research and Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine, Bangalore 560065, India; Current address: Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
St John's Research Institute, St John's National Academy of Health Sciences, Bangalore 560034, India.
Trends Cell Biol. 2018 Feb;28(2):157-170. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2017.10.003. Epub 2017 Nov 10.
Morphogens are signaling molecules produced by a localized source, specifying cell fate in a graded manner. The source secretes morphogens into the extracellular milieu to activate various target genes in an autocrine or paracrine manner. Here we describe various secreted forms of two canonical morphogens, the lipid-anchored Hedgehog (Hh) and Wnts, indicating the involvement of multiple carriers in the transport of these morphogens. These different extracellular secreted forms are likely to have distinct functions. Here we evaluate newly identified mechanisms that morphogens use to traverse the required distance to activate discrete paracrine signaling.
形态发生素是由局部来源产生的信号分子,以分级的方式指定细胞命运。该来源将形态发生素分泌到细胞外环境中,以自分泌或旁分泌的方式激活各种靶基因。在这里,我们描述了两种典型形态发生素(脂锚定 Hedgehog [Hh] 和 Wnts)的各种分泌形式,表明这些形态发生素的运输涉及多种载体。这些不同的细胞外分泌形式可能具有不同的功能。在这里,我们评估了形态发生素用于穿越激活离散旁分泌信号所需距离的新识别机制。