Department of Immunology and Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Vaccine. 2017 Dec 14;35(49 Pt B):6893-6897. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.019. Epub 2017 Nov 11.
In recent influenza seasons, the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) has not demonstrated the same level of vaccine effectiveness as that observed among children who received the inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV). To better understand this difference, this study compared the mRNA sequencing transcription profile (RNA seq) in children who received either IIV or LAIV.
Children 3-17years of age receiving quadrivalent influenza vaccine were enrolled. Blood samples were collected on Day 0 prior to vaccination and again on Day 7 (range 6-10days) following vaccination. Total RNA was isolated from PAXgene tubes and sequenced for a custom panel of 89 transcripts using the TruSeq Targeted RNA Expression method. Fold differences in normalized RNA seq counts from Day 0 to Day 7 were calculated, log transformed and compared between the two vaccine groups.
Of 72 children, 46 received IIV and 26 received LAIV. Following IIV vaccination, 7 genes demonstrated significant differential expression at Day 7 (down-regulated). In contrast, following LAIV vaccination, 8 genes demonstrated significant differential expression at Day 7 (5 up-regulated and 3 down-regulated). Only two genes demonstrated similar patterns of regulation in both groups.
Differential regulation of genes was observed between 2015-16 LAIV and IIV recipients. These results help to elucidate the immune response to influenza vaccines and may be related to the difference in vaccine effectiveness observed in recent years between LAIV and IIV.
在最近的流感季节，减毒活流感疫苗（LAIV）的疫苗有效性不如接受灭活流感疫苗（IIV）的儿童。为了更好地理解这种差异，本研究比较了接受 IIV 或 LAIV 的儿童的 mRNA 测序转录谱（RNA seq）。
招募了 3-17 岁接受四价流感疫苗的儿童。在接种前第 0 天和接种后第 7 天（6-10 天）采集血样。从 PAXgene 管中分离总 RNA，并使用 TruSeq 靶向 RNA 表达方法对 89 个定制转录本进行测序。计算 Day 0 至 Day 7 之间归一化 RNA seq 计数的倍数差异，对两组之间的差异进行对数转换和比较。
在 72 名儿童中，46 名接受 IIV，26 名接受 LAIV。接种 IIV 后，有 7 个基因在第 7 天表现出显著的差异表达（下调）。相比之下，接种 LAIV 后，有 8 个基因在第 7 天表现出显著的差异表达（5 个上调和 3 个下调）。只有两个基因在两组中表现出相似的调节模式。
在 2015-16 年 LAIV 和 IIV 接受者之间观察到基因的差异调节。这些结果有助于阐明对流感疫苗的免疫反应，并且可能与近年来 LAIV 和 IIV 之间观察到的疫苗有效性差异有关。
